Histopathological changes of the buccal mucosa and skin after botulinum neurotoxin intramuscular injection in rats (immunohistochemical study).

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

BMC Oral Health Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI:10.1186/s12903-025-05627-w

Gihan S Hassan, Basant H Abouzaid, Reda G Saleh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: A surplus of clinical studies focused mainly on the clinical impacts of botulinum neurotoxin type A disregarding the histopathological changes stemming from its injection. This study was designed to inspect the potential effects of botulinum neurotoxin type A injection on the skin and buccal mucosa in both the injected and non-injected sides after one week and one month as no available studies have addressed its histopathological effects.

Methods: Twelve rats were injected with a single injection of 2.5 U of botulinum neurotoxin type A intramuscularly near the angle of the mouth on the right side. After one week, six injected rats were euthanized, and tissue samples were obtained from both the injection (n = 6) and the non-injection (n = 6) sides. After 4 weeks, six injected rats were euthanized, and tissue samples were obtained from both the injection (n = 6) and the non-injection (n = 6) sides. Six rats served as non-injected controls (n = 6). Samples were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examination with caspase-3.

Results: Caspase-3 expression showed a highly significant increase (P = 0.005) in staining intensity in specimens of one week as compared to one month groups. At the non-injected side, the overall caspase-3 immunostaining score showed a significant elevation (P = 0.03) after one-month of botulinum neurotoxin type A injection.

Conclusion: Botulinum neurotoxin type A injection was associated with degenerative changes in the buccal mucosa and skin, nevertheless these changes declined after one month in the injected side. More degenerative changes were depicted in the non-injected side and increased after one month. Therefore, botulinum neurotoxin type A injection may affect not only the patient's needs and expectations but also their health.

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背景：过多的临床研究主要集中于 A 型肉毒杆菌神经毒素的临床影响，而忽视了注射后的组织病理学变化。本研究旨在观察注射 A 型肉毒杆菌神经毒素一周和一个月后对注射侧和非注射侧皮肤和颊粘膜的潜在影响，因为目前还没有研究涉及其组织病理学影响：方法：12 只大鼠在右侧口角附近肌肉注射一针 2.5 U 的 A 型肉毒杆菌毒素。一周后，6 只注射大鼠被安乐死，并从注射侧（n = 6）和非注射侧（n = 6）获得组织样本。4 周后，对 6 只注射大鼠实施安乐死，并从注射侧（n = 6）和非注射侧（n = 6）获取组织样本。六只大鼠作为未注射对照组（n = 6）。样本用于组织学和 Caspase-3 免疫组化检查：结果：与一个月组相比，一周组标本中 Caspase-3 表达的染色强度显著增加（P = 0.005）。在未注射的一侧，注射 A 型肉毒杆菌一个月后，Caspase-3 免疫染色的总评分显著升高（P = 0.03）：结论：A 型肉毒杆菌神经毒素注射与口腔黏膜和皮肤的退行性变化有关，但注射侧的这些变化在一个月后有所减轻。未注射的一侧出现了更多的退行性变化，并且在一个月后有所增加。因此，A 型肉毒杆菌神经毒素注射不仅会影响患者的需求和期望，还会影响他们的健康。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMC Oral Health DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE-

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

6.90%

发文量

481

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： BMC Oral Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on all aspects of the prevention, diagnosis and management of disorders of the mouth, teeth and gums, as well as related molecular genetics, pathophysiology, and epidemiology.