Social perceptions and representations of unaccompanied foreign minors on social media

Abstract

The migration of unaccompanied foreign minors (UAMs) to Europe has become a prominent issue, particularly in Spain, due to its geographic proximity to North Africa. This study explores the social perceptions and representations of UAMs on social media, analyzing the dominant narratives and their impact on public opinion. Employing mixed-methods analysis, combining both quantitative and qualitative approaches, we examine discourse structures and the amplification of polarized narratives around UAMs. Findings reveal a prevailing narrative of criminalization and security concerns, with frequent portrayals of UAMs as threats, which are amplified through social media's echo chamber effect and by influential network leaders. Conversely, a minority narrative highlighting their vulnerability and human rights needs is less visible, suppressed by the spiral of silence phenomenon. These polarized narratives significantly influence public perceptions, reinforcing stereotypes and shaping potential policies. The study emphasizes the importance of balanced, rights-based communication strategies to counteract negative representations and foster an inclusive public discourse surrounding UAMs.