Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of Thanatin Recombinant Peptide against Some Oral Bacteria: A Novel Approach against Bacterial Pathogens in Dentistry.

Atefeh Nemati Karimooy, Mohammad Jarchi, Fatemeh Forouzanfar, Abass Tanhaiean, Arash Esmaeili, Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour
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Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the antimicrobial properties of the thanatin peptide against oral bacteria associated with dental caries and endodontic failures. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects of this peptide on human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFCs) were assessed.

Methods and materials: The antimicrobial property of thanatin was tested on Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus oralis, and Enterococcus faecalis, using the microbroth dilu-tion method. The 0.2% Chlorhexidine mouthwash was used as the control group. Additionally, the cytotoxicity was measured using the MTT assay. The results were presented descriptively and ana-lyzed via one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD tests.

Results: Thanatin demonstrated the strongest bacteriostatic effect (MIC) against S. salivarius, meas-uring 4.68 μg/ml, which is approximately double that of S. mutans and S. oralis, with concentrations of 9.37 and 8.75 μg/ml, respectively. The highest bactericidal activity (MBC) of thanatin was noted in S. salivarius and S. oralis at 9.37 μg/ml. The antibacterial effects of thanatin against evaluated bacteria were several times lower than those of Chlorhexidine. The cytotoxicity assessment indicated that over 70% and 60% of the HGFCs remained viable after 24 and 48 hours, respectively.

Conclusion: Although thanatin exhibited significantly higher biocompatibility, its antimicrobial ef-fectiveness against the tested oral bacteria was inferior to that of 0.2% Chlorhexidine.

Thanatin重组肽对口腔细菌的细胞毒性和抗菌活性评价:一种治疗口腔细菌病原体的新方法。
目的:研究烟素肽对龋病和牙髓衰竭相关口腔细菌的抑菌作用。此外,还评估了该肽对人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGFCs)的细胞毒性作用。方法与材料:采用微肉汤稀释法对变形链球菌、唾液链球菌、口腔链球菌和粪肠球菌进行抑菌试验。以0.2%洗必泰漱口水为对照组。此外,用MTT法测定细胞毒性。结果以描述性方式呈现,并通过单因素方差分析和Tukey’s HSD检验进行分析。结果:他他汀对唾液链球菌的抑菌效果最强,为4.68 μg/ml,是变异链球菌和口腔链球菌的两倍左右,分别为9.37和8.75 μg/ml。对唾液链球菌和口腔链球菌的抑菌活性最高,为9.37 μg/ml。抑菌效果比氯己定低几倍。细胞毒性评估表明,超过70%和60%的HGFCs分别在24小时和48小时后保持活力。结论:烟碱具有较高的生物相容性,但其对口腔细菌的抑菌效果不及0.2%氯己定。
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