Mengying Liu, Dong Xiang, Heikki M T Hokkanen, Tiandi Niu, Junjie Zhang, Jinlin Yang, Qiuyang Wei, Hanqiu Chen, Huai Liu, Yaying Li
{"title":"<i>Beauveria bassiana</i> Induces Strong Defense and Increases Resistance in Tomato to <i>Bemisia tabaci</i>.","authors":"Mengying Liu, Dong Xiang, Heikki M T Hokkanen, Tiandi Niu, Junjie Zhang, Jinlin Yang, Qiuyang Wei, Hanqiu Chen, Huai Liu, Yaying Li","doi":"10.3390/jof11020141","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pre-stimulation of plants can change their resistance mechanisms, thereby enhancing their defense responses. <i>Beauveria bassiana</i>, a broad-spectrum entomogenous fungi, can also induce plant defenses, but it received little attention. Here, we show that <i>B. bassiana</i> can act as a stimulus to prime tomato defense responses, improving resistance in the plant to herbivore stress. The results illustrated that four defense genes (<i>PIN2</i>, <i>PR2</i>, <i>PAL</i>, and <i>MPK3</i>) were upregulated in all <i>B. bassiana</i> treatments, especially the phenylalanine deaminase (<i>PAL</i>) gene, which was highly expressed in tomato plants after <i>B. bassiana</i> inoculation. Feeding through <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> resulted in a weak upregulation of defense genes. However, in combined fungal inoculation and <i>B. tabaci</i> feeding, a total of nine defense genes were upregulated, among which five genes-<i>PAL</i>, <i>PPO</i>, <i>PIN2</i>, <i>PR2</i>, and <i>PR1</i>-were closely related to the phenol synthesis. The results of tomato plant metabolism showed that <i>B. bassiana</i> mainly activates tomato phenylpropane metabolic pathways, with this modulation being influenced by jasmonate. Further explorations revealed a significant enhancement in the antioxidant capacity of the plants, as evidenced by the determination of their antioxidant compounds and the coloration of leaf phenolic substances. Thus, entomopathogenic fungi can act as an exogenous substance to activate the defense responses of tomatoes without damaging the plant, indicating a good potential for developing applications using <i>B. bassiana</i> to promote resistance in tomatoes for pest management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fungi","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856042/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Fungi","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11020141","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Pre-stimulation of plants can change their resistance mechanisms, thereby enhancing their defense responses. Beauveria bassiana, a broad-spectrum entomogenous fungi, can also induce plant defenses, but it received little attention. Here, we show that B. bassiana can act as a stimulus to prime tomato defense responses, improving resistance in the plant to herbivore stress. The results illustrated that four defense genes (PIN2, PR2, PAL, and MPK3) were upregulated in all B. bassiana treatments, especially the phenylalanine deaminase (PAL) gene, which was highly expressed in tomato plants after B. bassiana inoculation. Feeding through Bemisia tabaci resulted in a weak upregulation of defense genes. However, in combined fungal inoculation and B. tabaci feeding, a total of nine defense genes were upregulated, among which five genes-PAL, PPO, PIN2, PR2, and PR1-were closely related to the phenol synthesis. The results of tomato plant metabolism showed that B. bassiana mainly activates tomato phenylpropane metabolic pathways, with this modulation being influenced by jasmonate. Further explorations revealed a significant enhancement in the antioxidant capacity of the plants, as evidenced by the determination of their antioxidant compounds and the coloration of leaf phenolic substances. Thus, entomopathogenic fungi can act as an exogenous substance to activate the defense responses of tomatoes without damaging the plant, indicating a good potential for developing applications using B. bassiana to promote resistance in tomatoes for pest management.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X) is an international, peer-reviewed scientific open access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies related to pathogenic fungi, fungal biology, and all other aspects of fungal research. The journal publishes reviews, regular research papers, and communications in quarterly issues. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on paper length. Full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.