Endocrine Controls of Skin Aging.

IF 22 1区 医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Markus Böhm, Agatha Stegemann, Ralf Paus, Konrad Kleszczyński, Pallab Maity, Meinhard Wlaschek, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek
{"title":"Endocrine Controls of Skin Aging.","authors":"Markus Böhm, Agatha Stegemann, Ralf Paus, Konrad Kleszczyński, Pallab Maity, Meinhard Wlaschek, Karin Scharffetter-Kochanek","doi":"10.1210/endrev/bnae034","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin is the largest organ of the human body and undergoes both intrinsic (chronological) and extrinsic aging. While intrinsic skin aging is driven by genetic and epigenetic factors, extrinsic aging is mediated by external threats such as UV irradiation or fine particular matters, the sum of which is referred to as exposome. The clinical manifestations and biochemical changes are different between intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging, albeit overlapping features exist, eg, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, extracellular matrix degradation, telomere shortening, increased lipid peroxidation, or DNA damage. As skin is a prominent target for many hormones, the molecular and biochemical processes underlying intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging are under tight control of classical neuroendocrine axes. However, skin is also an endocrine organ itself, including the hair follicle, a fully functional neuroendocrine \"miniorgan.\" Here we review pivotal hormones controlling human skin aging focusing on IGF-1, a key fibroblast-derived orchestrator of skin aging, of GH, estrogens, retinoids, and melatonin. The emerging roles of additional endocrine players, ie, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a central player of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; members of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis; oxytocin, endocannabinoids, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor modulators, are also reviewed. Until now, only a limited number of these hormones, mainly topical retinoids and estrogens, have found their way into clinical practice as anti-skin aging compounds. Further research into the biological properties of endocrine players or its derivatives may offer the development of novel senotherapeutics for the treatment and prevention of skin aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":11544,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine reviews","volume":" ","pages":"349-375"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Endocrine reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnae034","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Skin is the largest organ of the human body and undergoes both intrinsic (chronological) and extrinsic aging. While intrinsic skin aging is driven by genetic and epigenetic factors, extrinsic aging is mediated by external threats such as UV irradiation or fine particular matters, the sum of which is referred to as exposome. The clinical manifestations and biochemical changes are different between intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging, albeit overlapping features exist, eg, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, extracellular matrix degradation, telomere shortening, increased lipid peroxidation, or DNA damage. As skin is a prominent target for many hormones, the molecular and biochemical processes underlying intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging are under tight control of classical neuroendocrine axes. However, skin is also an endocrine organ itself, including the hair follicle, a fully functional neuroendocrine "miniorgan." Here we review pivotal hormones controlling human skin aging focusing on IGF-1, a key fibroblast-derived orchestrator of skin aging, of GH, estrogens, retinoids, and melatonin. The emerging roles of additional endocrine players, ie, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a central player of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; members of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis; oxytocin, endocannabinoids, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor modulators, are also reviewed. Until now, only a limited number of these hormones, mainly topical retinoids and estrogens, have found their way into clinical practice as anti-skin aging compounds. Further research into the biological properties of endocrine players or its derivatives may offer the development of novel senotherapeutics for the treatment and prevention of skin aging.

皮肤衰老的内分泌控制。
皮肤是人体最大的器官,经历了内在(时间)和外在的衰老。内源性皮肤老化是由遗传和表观遗传因素驱动的,而外源性衰老是由紫外线照射或细微特殊物质等外部威胁介导的,其总和称为暴露量。尽管存在重叠特征,如活性氧生成增加、细胞外基质降解、端粒缩短、脂质过氧化增加或DNA损伤,但内源性和外源性皮肤老化的临床表现和生化变化不同。由于皮肤是许多激素的重要靶点,导致皮肤内源性和外源性衰老的分子和生化过程受到经典神经内分泌轴的严格控制。然而,皮肤本身也是一个内分泌器官,包括毛囊在内,是一个功能齐全的神经内分泌“小器官”。在这里,我们回顾了控制人类皮肤衰老的关键激素,重点是IGF-1,一个关键的成纤维细胞衍生的皮肤衰老的协调者,生长激素,雌激素,类维生素a和褪黑激素。其他内分泌参与者的新角色,如α-黑色素细胞刺激激素,下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的中心参与者;下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴的成员;催产素、内源性大麻素和过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体调节剂也进行了综述。到目前为止,只有数量有限的这些激素,主要是局部类维生素a和雌激素,作为抗皮肤衰老化合物进入临床实践。对内分泌因子及其衍生物的生物学特性的进一步研究可能为治疗和预防皮肤衰老提供新的衰老疗法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Endocrine reviews
Endocrine reviews 医学-内分泌学与代谢
CiteScore
42.00
自引率
1.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Endocrine Reviews, published bimonthly, features concise timely reviews updating key mechanistic and clinical concepts, alongside comprehensive, authoritative articles covering both experimental and clinical endocrinology themes. The journal considers topics informing clinical practice based on emerging and established evidence from clinical research. It also reviews advances in endocrine science stemming from studies in cell biology, immunology, pharmacology, genetics, molecular biology, neuroscience, reproductive medicine, and pediatric endocrinology.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信