Published methods of subjective appetite assessment in older adults living in the community and their validity and reliability: A scoping review

IF 2.9 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.02.014

Aoife Courtney , Michelle Fitzpatrick , Dorothee Volkert , Katy Horner , Clare Corish

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aims

A decline in appetite is associated with poor health in older adults (≥65 years). Subjective methods of appetite assessment used in older adults living in the community have not previously been fully documented and their validity and reliability have not been evaluated and described. The aims of this scoping review were to identify methods used to assess self-reported/subjective appetite as a primary outcome in studies in older adults living in the community and community settings, and to establish which, and how methods were evaluated for validity and/or reliability.

Methods

A scoping review of three online databases: CINAHL, PubMed and Embase was undertaken.

Results

One-hundred and one articles were included, with 30 different types of appetite assessment methods identified and categorized into three groups: Likert-scales, visual analogue scales (VAS) and question-based methods. Likert-scales were used most frequently (61 %), followed by VAS (23 %) and question-based methods. Twenty-two studies evaluated the validity and/or reliability of 11 types of appetite assessment methods (Likert-scales, n = 10, VAS, n = 1). Thirty comparators were used to evaluate validity and reliability, with predictive validity and internal consistency reliability evaluated most frequently. Likert-scales were predominantly reported to predict health risks; however, have not been validated for appetite per se. In contrast, albeit limited, VAS have been validated against ad libitum test meal energy intake.

Conclusions

Agreement on best practice when evaluating the validity and reliability of assessment methods is required. Given the current evidence, a recommended method will likely depend on the context and goals of assessment.

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.