Published methods of subjective appetite assessment in older adults living in the community and their validity and reliability: A scoping review

IF 2.9 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition ESPEN Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI:10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.02.014

Aoife Courtney , Michelle Fitzpatrick , Dorothee Volkert , Katy Horner , Clare Corish

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and aims

A decline in appetite is associated with poor health in older adults (≥65 years). Subjective methods of appetite assessment used in older adults living in the community have not previously been fully documented and their validity and reliability have not been evaluated and described. The aims of this scoping review were to identify methods used to assess self-reported/subjective appetite as a primary outcome in studies in older adults living in the community and community settings, and to establish which, and how methods were evaluated for validity and/or reliability.

Methods

A scoping review of three online databases: CINAHL, PubMed and Embase was undertaken.

Results

One-hundred and one articles were included, with 30 different types of appetite assessment methods identified and categorized into three groups: Likert-scales, visual analogue scales (VAS) and question-based methods. Likert-scales were used most frequently (61 %), followed by VAS (23 %) and question-based methods. Twenty-two studies evaluated the validity and/or reliability of 11 types of appetite assessment methods (Likert-scales, n = 10, VAS, n = 1). Thirty comparators were used to evaluate validity and reliability, with predictive validity and internal consistency reliability evaluated most frequently. Likert-scales were predominantly reported to predict health risks; however, have not been validated for appetite per se. In contrast, albeit limited, VAS have been validated against ad libitum test meal energy intake.

Conclusions

Agreement on best practice when evaluating the validity and reliability of assessment methods is required. Given the current evidence, a recommended method will likely depend on the context and goals of assessment.

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已发表的社区老年人主观食欲评估方法及其效度和信度：范围综述。

背景和目的：老年人（≥65岁）食欲下降与健康状况不佳有关。在社区生活的老年人中使用的主观食欲评估方法以前没有得到充分的记录，其有效性和可靠性也没有得到评估和描述。本综述的目的是确定用于评估自我报告/主观食欲的方法，将其作为生活在社区和社区环境中的老年人研究的主要结果，并确定哪些方法以及如何评估方法的有效性和/或可靠性。方法：对CINAHL、PubMed和EMBASE三个在线数据库进行范围综述。结果：纳入文献101篇，共鉴定出30种不同的食欲评估方法，并将其分为李克特量表、视觉模拟量表（VAS）和问卷法3组。李克特量表的使用频率最高（61%），其次是VAS（23%）和基于问题的方法。22项研究评估了11种食欲评估方法的有效性和/或可靠性（李克特量表，n=10， VAS, n=1）。采用30个比较指标进行效度和信度评估，其中预测效度和内部一致性信度评估最为频繁。李克特量表主要用于预测健康风险；然而，尚未对食欲本身进行验证。相比之下，尽管有局限性，但VAS已经针对随意试验餐能量摄入进行了验证。结论：在评估评估方法的效度和可靠性时，需要对最佳实践达成一致。鉴于目前的证据，推荐的方法可能取决于评估的背景和目标。

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition ESPEN NUTRITION & DIETETICS-

CiteScore

4.90

自引率

3.30%

发文量

512

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is an electronic-only journal and is an official publication of the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN). Nutrition and nutritional care have gained wide clinical and scientific interest during the past decades. The increasing knowledge of metabolic disturbances and nutritional assessment in chronic and acute diseases has stimulated rapid advances in design, development and clinical application of nutritional support. The aims of ESPEN are to encourage the rapid diffusion of knowledge and its application in the field of clinical nutrition and metabolism. Published bimonthly, Clinical Nutrition ESPEN focuses on publishing articles on the relationship between nutrition and disease in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN is available to all members of ESPEN and to all subscribers of Clinical Nutrition.