Engine performance, combustion and emission studies of calcined chicken eggshell catalyzed marine fish waste oil biodiesel and their blends.

Abstract

The current research is primarily oriented on determining the influence of marine fish waste (MFW) oil biodiesel catalyzed with calcined eggshell heterogeneous base catalyst (ESBD) and its blends on two-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine. The physicochemical and fuel properties such as free fatty acid content (0-0.25%), acid value (0-0.5 mg KOH/g), viscosity (3.33-5.88 cP), flash point (57-115 °C), calorific value (39,287- 42,906 kJ/kg), cold filter plugging point (8- -11 °C) and cetane number (33.9-57.8) for B5, B20, and B50 blends of ESBD authenticates their application in the diesel engine. The B5, B20, B50, and B80 ESBD-diesel fuel blends exhibited brake specific fuel consumption value in the 0.21-0.23 kgs/kWh range and brake thermal efficiency in 31.59-36.29% range at 100% engine load, slightly higher than diesel. The B80 ESBD blends displayed the highest in-cylinder pressure (55.90 bars) and heat release rate (69.82 J/deg). Across all ESBD blends, 59.34-70.32%, 2.57-6.90%, and 12.40-27.35% reductions in CO, CO₂, and HC emissions were observed. B50 ESBD blend showed a 69.23% and 27.35% reduction in CO and HC emissions than diesel, respectively. The B80 blend showed a 19.51% increase in O₂ emission than diesel. The key finding of the current research unveils that the exploitation of ESBD blends in diesel engines could aid in better combustion and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The exploitation of MFWs for biodiesel production using calcined eggshell catalyst would aid in overcoming waste disposal issues, reduce environmental pollution, and also provide additional revenue to fish farmer communities and the fisheries sector.