Evaluating antibiotic susceptibility trends in S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae isolates during the COVID-19 pandemic: An interrupted time series analysis of a nationwide antimicrobial resistance database

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102707

Daisuke Miyamori, Shuhei Yoshida, Kotaro Ikeda, Masanori Ito

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

The heightened infection prevention measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic reduced the incidence of certain other infections; however, the impact of this decrease on antimicrobial susceptibility remains undetermined. Herein, we analyzed data from a large, multicenter, Japanese infectious disease database to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility trends among bacterial species whose incidence reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Using a nationwide Japanese AMR database covering hundreds of hospitals, this study applied interrupted time-series analysis to examine level and trend changes in monthly susceptibility rates between the pre-pandemic (January 2018–December 2019) and pandemic (January 2020–March 2023) periods among bacteria whose incidence rates continuously decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results

Among 2,686,932 isolates of 15 species included during the study period, decreased incidence rates were observed only for H. influenzae (n = 83.376) and S. pneumoniae (n = 72,574). Among H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae, the trend of susceptibility rates for most antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides, did not change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only the susceptibility of sulbactam/ampicillin for H. influenzae showed an increasing trend of 0.19 % per month (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.001, 0.39).

Conclusions

The results of this study were based on data from a large, multicenter database and focused on droplet-transmitted bacteria. We found no susceptibility trend changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the reduced infections observed in the 3-year study period may not be solely responsible for the unchanged susceptibility rates for AMR control. Future studies should explore combined strategies involving reduced infection rates and antimicrobial use to assess bacterial antibiotic susceptibility rates.

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来源期刊

Journal of Infection and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH -INFECTIOUS DISEASES

CiteScore

13.10

自引率

1.50%

发文量

203

审稿时长

96 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Infection and Public Health, first official journal of the Saudi Arabian Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and the Saudi Association for Public Health, aims to be the foremost scientific, peer-reviewed journal encompassing infection prevention and control, microbiology, infectious diseases, public health and the application of healthcare epidemiology to the evaluation of health outcomes. The point of view of the journal is that infection and public health are closely intertwined and that advances in one area will have positive consequences on the other. The journal will be useful to all health professionals who are partners in the management of patients with communicable diseases, keeping them up to date. The journal is proud to have an international and diverse editorial board that will assist and facilitate the publication of articles that reflect a global view on infection control and public health, as well as emphasizing our focus on supporting the needs of public health practitioners. It is our aim to improve healthcare by reducing risk of infection and related adverse outcomes by critical review, selection, and dissemination of new and relevant information in the field of infection control, public health and infectious diseases in all healthcare settings and the community.