Brain white matter damage biomarkers.

Advances in clinical chemistry Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-10 DOI:10.1016/bs.acc.2024.11.005
Fardin Nabizadeh
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

White matter (WM), constituting nearly half of the human brain's mass, is pivotal for the rapid transmission of neural signals across different brain regions, significantly influencing cognitive processes like learning, memory, and problem-solving. The integrity of WM is essential for brain function, and its damage, which can occur due to conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and traumatic brain injury, results in severe neurological deficits and cognitive decline. The primary objective of this book chapter is to discuss the clinical significance of fluid biomarkers in assessing WM damage within the central nervous system (CNS). It explores the biological underpinnings and pathological changes in WM due to various neurological conditions and details how alterations can be detected and quantified through fluid biomarkers. By examining biomarkers like Myelin Basic Protein (MBP), Neurofilament light chain (NFL), and others, the chapter highlights their role in enhancing diagnostic precision, monitoring disease progression, and guiding therapeutic interventions, thus providing crucial insights into maintaining WM integrity and preventing cognitive and physical disabilities.

脑白质损伤生物标志物。
白质(WM)占人类大脑质量的近一半,是神经信号在不同大脑区域快速传递的关键,对学习、记忆和解决问题等认知过程产生重大影响。WM的完整性对脑功能至关重要,多发性硬化症(MS)、中风和创伤性脑损伤等疾病可能导致WM损伤,导致严重的神经功能缺损和认知能力下降。本章的主要目的是讨论液体生物标志物在评估中枢神经系统(CNS)内WM损伤中的临床意义。它探讨了由各种神经系统疾病引起的WM的生物学基础和病理变化,并详细介绍了如何通过液体生物标志物检测和量化这些变化。通过检查髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、神经丝轻链(NFL)等生物标志物,本章强调了它们在提高诊断精度、监测疾病进展和指导治疗干预方面的作用,从而为维持WM完整性和预防认知和身体残疾提供了重要见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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