Congenital malaria in newborns of mothers living in highly endemic parts of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PEDIATRICS

Paediatrics and International Child Health Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1080/20469047.2025.2459964

Japhet Kabalu Tshiongo, Lise Kuseke, Vivi Maketa Tevuzula, Flory Luzolo, Yann Kafala, Evodie Ngelesi, Moussa Djimde, Patrick Mitashi, Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi, Damien Mbanzulu Pita Nsonizau, Kassoum Kayentao, Petra F Mens, Ryan van den Bos, Hypolite Muhindo Mavoko, Henk D F H Schallig

{"title":"Congenital malaria in newborns of mothers living in highly endemic parts of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.","authors":"Japhet Kabalu Tshiongo, Lise Kuseke, Vivi Maketa Tevuzula, Flory Luzolo, Yann Kafala, Evodie Ngelesi, Moussa Djimde, Patrick Mitashi, Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi, Damien Mbanzulu Pita Nsonizau, Kassoum Kayentao, Petra F Mens, Ryan van den Bos, Hypolite Muhindo Mavoko, Henk D F H Schallig","doi":"10.1080/20469047.2025.2459964","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital malaria, characterised by low parasitaemia in newborns' peripheral blood, is difficult to diagnose by conventional techniques. Owing to its high sensitivity, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows for effective detection of low-density plasmodium infections. This study determined the prevalence of congenital malaria by PCR in newborns of mothers living in a malaria-endemic area of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).Methods: A total of 576 mother-newborn pairs were enrolled in two clinical trials in Kinshasa. Maternal peripheral blood was collected at enrolment. At delivery, samples were taken from maternal and newborn peripheral blood, placental blood and placental imprints.Results: The prevalence of congenital malaria detected by PCR was 2.4% (14/576) compared with 0.9% (5/576) by microscopy. The prevalence of malaria at delivery was 8.9% (51/570), and placental malaria was 10.6% (59/556) by microscopy. At delivery, maternal malaria was significantly associated with congenital malaria [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 16.06, 95% CI 2.6-98.5, p < 0.01). Placental malaria also increased the risk of congenital malaria (aOR 5.77, 95% CI 0.9-35.2, p = 0.05). Although 10 of 72 women (16.7%) with placental malaria gave birth to low-weight infants, the association was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Although this first assessment of congenital malaria by PCR in DRC found a low prevalence, maternal and placental malaria at delivery were still associated with congenital malaria, highlighting the importance of maternal health in preventing neonatal infections.Abbreviations: Aor adjusted odds ratio; CI confidence interval; cOR crude odds ratio; DNA de-oxyribonucleic acid; GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-posphate dehydrogenase; g/dL grams per decilitre; Hb haemoglobin; IQR interquartile range; IPTp-SP Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; ITN insecticide-treated nets; PA pyronaridine-artesunate; PCR polymerase chain reaction; RDT rapid diagnostic tests; SD; standard deviation; uRDTs ultra-sensitive rapid diagnostic tests; WHO World Health Organization; µL microlitre.","PeriodicalId":19731,"journal":{"name":"Paediatrics and International Child Health","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Paediatrics and International Child Health","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/20469047.2025.2459964","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PEDIATRICS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Congenital malaria, characterised by low parasitaemia in newborns' peripheral blood, is difficult to diagnose by conventional techniques. Owing to its high sensitivity, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows for effective detection of low-density plasmodium infections. This study determined the prevalence of congenital malaria by PCR in newborns of mothers living in a malaria-endemic area of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).

Methods: A total of 576 mother-newborn pairs were enrolled in two clinical trials in Kinshasa. Maternal peripheral blood was collected at enrolment. At delivery, samples were taken from maternal and newborn peripheral blood, placental blood and placental imprints.

Results: The prevalence of congenital malaria detected by PCR was 2.4% (14/576) compared with 0.9% (5/576) by microscopy. The prevalence of malaria at delivery was 8.9% (51/570), and placental malaria was 10.6% (59/556) by microscopy. At delivery, maternal malaria was significantly associated with congenital malaria [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 16.06, 95% CI 2.6-98.5, p < 0.01). Placental malaria also increased the risk of congenital malaria (aOR 5.77, 95% CI 0.9-35.2, p = 0.05). Although 10 of 72 women (16.7%) with placental malaria gave birth to low-weight infants, the association was not statistically significant.

Conclusions: Although this first assessment of congenital malaria by PCR in DRC found a low prevalence, maternal and placental malaria at delivery were still associated with congenital malaria, highlighting the importance of maternal health in preventing neonatal infections.Abbreviations: Aor adjusted odds ratio; CI confidence interval; cOR crude odds ratio; DNA de-oxyribonucleic acid; GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-posphate dehydrogenase; g/dL grams per decilitre; Hb haemoglobin; IQR interquartile range; IPTp-SP Intermittent Preventive Treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine; ITN insecticide-treated nets; PA pyronaridine-artesunate; PCR polymerase chain reaction; RDT rapid diagnostic tests; SD; standard deviation; uRDTs ultra-sensitive rapid diagnostic tests; WHO World Health Organization; µL microlitre.

查看原文本刊更多论文

生活在刚果民主共和国金沙萨高流行地区的母亲的新生儿先天性疟疾。

背景：先天性疟疾以新生儿外周血低寄生虫血症为特征，难以用常规技术诊断。由于其高灵敏度，聚合酶链反应（PCR）允许有效检测低密度疟原虫感染。本研究通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）测定了刚果民主共和国金沙萨疟疾流行区母亲所生新生儿先天性疟疾的患病率。方法：在金沙萨进行两项临床试验，共纳入576对母婴。在入组时采集母体外周血。分娩时，采集产妇和新生儿外周血、胎盘血和胎盘印迹。结果：PCR检测先天性疟疾阳性率为2.4%(14/576)，镜检阳性率为0.9%（5/576）。显微镜下分娩时疟疾患病率为8.9%(51/570)，胎盘疟疾患病率为10.6%（59/556）。分娩时，孕产妇疟疾与先天性疟疾显著相关[调整优势比（aOR） 16.06, 95% CI 2.6 ~ 98.5, p = 0.05]。虽然72名患有胎盘疟疾的妇女中有10名（16.7%）生下了低体重婴儿，但这种关联没有统计学意义。结论：尽管刚果民主共和国首次采用聚合酶链反应对先天性疟疾进行的评估发现患病率较低，但分娩时的孕产妇和胎盘疟疾仍与先天性疟疾有关，这突显了孕产妇保健在预防新生儿感染方面的重要性。缩写：Aor校正优势比；CI置信区间；cOR粗优势比；脱氧核糖核酸；甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶；g/dL克/分升；Hb血红蛋白;IQR四分位数范围；磺胺多辛-乙胺嘧啶间歇预防妊娠的IPTp-SP治疗经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐；PA pyronaridine-artesunate;聚合酶链式反应；RDT快速诊断试验；SD;标准偏差;urdt超灵敏快速诊断试验；世界卫生组织；µL微升。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Paediatrics and International Child Health PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Paediatrics and International Child Health is an international forum for all aspects of paediatrics and child health in developing and low-income countries. The international, peer-reviewed papers cover a wide range of diseases in childhood and examine the social and cultural settings in which they occur. Although the main aim is to enable authors in developing and low-income countries to publish internationally, it also accepts relevant papers from industrialised countries. The journal is a key publication for all with an interest in paediatric health in low-resource settings.