HIV in Latin American migrants in the UK: A neglected population in the 95-95-95 targets

IF 2.8 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

HIV Medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1111/hiv.70007

Natalie Elkheir, Catherine Dominic, Amy Price, Jessica Carter, Nadia Ahmed, David A. J. Moore

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Abstract

Background

The UK has reached the UNAIDS 2025 targets (of 95% of those living with HIV to be diagnosed, 95% to be on treatment and 95% of those on treatment to be virally suppressed). However, it is not known whether this target is met in subgroups such as migrant populations. Latin Americans are a fast-growing migrant group in the UK and have low engagement with healthcare services, yet little is known about the HIV profile in this population. This study aimed to explore the profile of Latin American migrants under HIV care in the UK, and to identify any gaps in the 95-95-95 target in this population.

Methods

Country of birth- and gender- stratified prevalence of HIV in Latin American migrants in the UK (as of December 2022) was estimated using data from the HIV and AIDS Reporting System and the Office for National Statistics. UNAIDS (2024) estimates from Latin American countries were used as proxies for expected prevalences and applied to Latin American demography in England to calculate expected cases. The ratio of the observed (or diagnosed) cases to the expected cases was calculated to estimate potential underdiagnosis.

Results

A total of 2482 migrants born in Latin American countries were diagnosed with (and under care for) HIV in the UK (observed prevalence 841 per 100 000 population) by the end of 2022. The highest observed prevalence was in men born in Country 3 (2431 per 100 000 population) and the lowest in women born in Country 13 (30 per 100 000 population). Some 89% (n = 2219) of Latin American migrants under care for HIV were men, with 263 women under care with HIV in the whole of the UK. For women born in five of the countries of the region, it was estimated that only 14%, 17%, 25%, 26% and 33% of women living with HIV were under care.

Conclusions

There may be a significant burden of underdiagnosis of HIV among Latin American women in the UK. Although based on some assumptions (notably the application of national HIV estimates to migrant populations which have a different risk profile), the gender disparity is striking. Community engagement and culturally appropriate targeted awareness raising and testing campaigns are recommended.

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在英国的拉丁美洲移民中的艾滋病毒：95-95-95目标中被忽视的人群。

背景：联合王国已达到联合国艾滋病规划署2025年的目标（95%的艾滋病毒感染者得到诊断，95%接受治疗，95%接受治疗的人病毒得到抑制）。然而，目前尚不清楚这一目标是否在移民人口等亚群体中得到满足。拉丁美洲人是英国快速增长的移民群体，他们对医疗保健服务的参与度很低，但人们对这一人群的艾滋病毒概况知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨在英国接受艾滋病毒治疗的拉丁美洲移民的概况，并确定该人群在95-95-95目标中的任何差距。方法：使用来自艾滋病毒和艾滋病报告系统和国家统计局的数据估计英国拉丁美洲移民中出生国和性别分层的艾滋病毒流行率（截至2022年12月）。来自拉丁美洲国家的UNAIDS（2024）估计数被用作预期患病率的代理，并应用于英格兰的拉丁美洲人口统计来计算预期病例。计算观察（或诊断）病例与预期病例的比率，以估计潜在的诊断不足。结果：截至2022年底，共有2482名出生在拉丁美洲国家的移民在英国被诊断患有（并接受治疗）艾滋病毒（观察到每10万人中有841人感染）。观察到的患病率最高的是巴西出生的男性（每10万人中有2431人），最低的是墨西哥出生的女性（每10万人中有30人）。在接受艾滋病毒治疗的拉丁美洲移民中，大约89% （n = 2219）是男性，在整个英国，有263名女性接受艾滋病毒治疗。在墨西哥、阿根廷、智利、委内瑞拉和乌拉圭出生的妇女中，估计分别只有14%、17%、25%、26%和33%的感染艾滋病毒的妇女得到护理。结论：在英国的拉丁美洲妇女中可能存在HIV诊断不足的重大负担。尽管基于一些假设（特别是将国家艾滋病毒估计数应用于具有不同风险概况的移民人口），但性别差异是惊人的。建议社区参与和在文化上适当的有针对性的提高认识和检测运动。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

HIV Medicine 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

10.00%

发文量

167

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： HIV Medicine aims to provide an alternative outlet for publication of international research papers in the field of HIV Medicine, embracing clinical, pharmocological, epidemiological, ethical, preclinical and in vitro studies. In addition, the journal will commission reviews and other feature articles. It will focus on evidence-based medicine as the mainstay of successful management of HIV and AIDS. The journal is specifically aimed at researchers and clinicians with responsibility for treating HIV seropositive patients.