Exploring the stigma of suicide in Malaysia: Lived experience perspectives.

Abstract

Suicide-related stigma pervades both healthcare systems and communities, affecting individuals and their social circles. This study aimed to explore lived experience perspectives on the public stigma of suicide in Malaysia using community-based participatory research (CBPR). Nineteen individuals with a history of suicide ideation and/or suicide attempt attended 90-minute virtual focus groups conducted in 2022. Thematic analysis revealed 19 stereotypes, 7 prejudices, and 6 forms of discrimination. Stereotypes ranged from attention-seeking to weak faith, while prejudices included feelings of anger and fear. Discrimination manifested through avoidance and social rejection. Despite benevolent intentions, such actions sometimes hinder personal growth of the person with lived experience. While some findings echoed previous research, others highlighted unique Malaysian perspectives. Despite limitations, this study emphasizes the need to address culture-specific stigma, offering pathways for intervention. Understanding and combatting stigma remain critical for supporting individuals grappling with suicidal ideation and attempts in Malaysian society.