Using Alma to Alleviate Tristeza Maternal: Preliminary Outcomes of a Peer-Led Behavioral Activation Program Among Latina Mothers

Abstract

Spanish-speaking Latinas in the United States encounter significant barriers when seeking culturally responsive treatment for perinatal mental health disorders, resulting in treatment disparities and elevated rates of mental health symptoms. To address these challenges, peer-delivered support may be one promising strategy. This study examined the efficacy of Alma, a peer-delivered behavioral activation (BA) program comprising 6–8 sessions. Participants (N = 126) were Spanish-speaking Latina mothers experiencing elevated depression symptoms during the perinatal and early parenthood period. Participants were recruited through three community partner sites across rural and urban settings. Participants reported high satisfaction with the program and experienced decreases in depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and perceived stress. Importantly, significant clinical improvements occurred early in the program, indicating a rapid relief of symptoms. This symptom reduction was associated with improvements in putative mechanisms of BA, including activity level and environmental reward. Limitations of this study include participant attrition and the absence of a control group. Together, the findings indicate that Alma is a promising program to address depressed mood, anxiety, and stress among Spanish-speaking Latina mothers during the perinatal/early parenthood period, offering accessible and culturally responsive mental health support. Moreover, by meeting the mental health needs of Spanish-speaking Latina mothers, Alma holds promise for mitigating mental health disparities in underserved communities.