Physiological adaptations and performance enhancement with combined blood flow restricted and interval training: A systematic review with meta-analysis.
IF 9.7 1区 医学Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM
Mingyue Yin, Shengji Deng, Jianfeng Deng, Kai Xu, George P Nassis, Olivier Girard, Yongming Li
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Objectives: We aimed to determine: (a) the chronic effects of interval training (IT) combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) on physiological adaptations (aerobic/anaerobic capacity and muscle responses) and performance enhancement (endurance and sprints), and (b) the influence of participant characteristics and intervention protocols on these effects.
Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science (Core Collection), Cochrane Library (Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure on April 2, with updates on October 17, 2024. Pooled effects for each outcome were summarized using Hedge's g (g) through meta-analysis-based random effects models, and subgroup and regression analyses were used to explore moderators.
Results: A total of 24 studies with 621 participants were included. IT combined with BFR (IT+BFR) significantly improved maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) (g = 0.63, I2 = 63%), mean power during the Wingate 30-s test (g = 0.70, I2 = 47%), muscle strength (g = 0.88, I2 = 64%), muscle endurance (g = 0.43, I2 = 0%), time to fatigue (g = 1.26, I2 = 86%), and maximal aerobic speed (g = 0.74, I2 = 0%) compared to IT alone. Subgroup analysis indicated that participant characteristics including training status, IT intensity, and IT modes significantly moderated VO2max (subgroup differences: p < 0.05). Specifically, IT+BFR showed significantly superior improvements in VO2max compared to IT alone in trained individuals (g = 0.76) at supra-maximal intensity (g = 1.29) and moderate intensity (g = 1.08) as well as in walking (g = 1.64) and running (g = 0.63) modes. Meta-regression analysis showed cuff width (β = 0.14) was significantly associated with VO2max change, identifying 8.23 cm as the minimum threshold required for significant improvement. Subgroup analyses regarding muscle strength did not reveal any significant moderators.
Conclusion: IT+BFR enhances physiological adaptations and optimizes aspects of endurance performance, with moderators including training status, IT protocol (intensity, mode, and type), and cuff width. This intervention addresses various IT-related challenges and provides tailored protocols and benefits for diverse populations.
目的：我们旨在确定：(a)间歇训练（IT）结合血流限制（BFR）对生理适应（有氧/无氧能力和肌肉反应）和性能增强（耐力和短跑）的慢性影响，以及(b)参与者特征和干预方案对这些影响的影响。方法：检索于2024年4月2日在PubMed、Web of Science（核心馆藏）、Cochrane Library （Embase、ClinicalTrials.gov和国际临床试验注册平台）和Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure进行，更新时间为2024年10月17日。通过基于meta分析的随机效应模型，使用Hedge’s g (g)对每个结果的合并效应进行总结，并使用亚组和回归分析来探索调节因子。结果：共纳入24项研究，621名受试者。它结合BFR (+ BFR)显著提高最大摄氧量(VO2max) (0.63 g = ,I2 = 63%),平均功率在温盖特30年代测试(0.70 g = ,I2 = 47%),肌肉力量(0.88 g = ,I2 = 64%),肌肉耐力(0.43 g = ,I2 = 0%),时间疲劳(1.26 g = ,I2 = 86%),和最大有氧速度(0.74 g = ,I2 = 0%)相比。亚组分析显示，训练状态、IT强度和IT模式等特征显著调节了VO2max（亚组差异：p < 0.05）。具体地说,它+ BFR显示明显心肺功能的改善优于单独训练的人(0.76 g = )在supra-maximal强度(1.29 g = )和中等强度(1.08 g = )以及行走(g = 1.64)和(0.63 g = )运行模式。meta回归分析显示袖带宽度（β = 0.14）与VO2max变化显著相关，8.23 cm为显著改善所需的最小阈值。关于肌肉力量的亚组分析没有发现任何显著的调节因子。结论：IT+BFR增强生理适应性，优化耐力表现，调节因素包括训练状态、IT协议（强度、模式和类型）和袖带宽度。这种干预解决了各种与it相关的挑战，并为不同的人群提供了量身定制的协议和好处。
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