Prescription opioid use and cognitive function in older adults with chronic pain: A population-based longitudinal cohort study

IF 13 1区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Alzheimer's & Dementia Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1002/alz.70002

Yu-Jung Jenny Wei, Almut G. Winterstein, Siegfried Schmidt, Roger B. Fillingim, Stephan Schmidt, Michael J. Daniels, Steven T. DeKosky

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Whether prescription opioid exposure, duration, and dose are associated with cognitive function remains inconclusive.

METHODS

A longitudinal cohort among 3097 older adults with chronic pain and without dementia was conducted using Health and Retirement Study (HRS) linked to Medicare data from 2006 to 2020. Prescription opioid exposure, cumulative use for ≥ 90 days, and high-dose use (≥ 90 morphine milligram equivalents [MME] daily) were assessed biennially. Memory score and dementia probability were derived from HRS cognitive measures and analyzed using linear mixed-effects models.

RESULTS

Adjusted memory decline and dementia probability were not statistically different between patients with (vs. without) opioid exposure and between patients with cumulative use for ≥ 90 days (vs. < 90 days) but were higher between participants with high-dose opioid use (vs. low-dose) at the end of the follow-up.

DISCUSSION

Prescription opioid exposure and duration were not associated, but high-dose opioid use was associated with greater memory decline and dementia probability.

Highlights

Opioid use versus no use was not related to memory decline and dementia probability.
Long-term opioid use was not related to memory decline and dementia probability.
High-dose opioid use was related to greater memory decline and dementia probability.

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来源期刊

Alzheimer's & Dementia 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

14.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

299

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Alzheimer's & Dementia is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to bridge knowledge gaps in dementia research by covering the entire spectrum, from basic science to clinical trials to social and behavioral investigations. It provides a platform for rapid communication of new findings and ideas, optimal translation of research into practical applications, increasing knowledge across diverse disciplines for early detection, diagnosis, and intervention, and identifying promising new research directions. In July 2008, Alzheimer's & Dementia was accepted for indexing by MEDLINE, recognizing its scientific merit and contribution to Alzheimer's research.