Sensitization profiles to olive pollen allergens and allergic respiratory disease severity in patients from Jaén, Spain: A cross-sectional study

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 ALLERGY

World Allergy Organization Journal Pub Date : 2025-02-24 DOI:10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101030

Manuel Alcántara Villar MD/PhD , Sara Anaya Anaya MD , Alicia López Guerrero MD , Alba Martínez Chamorro Gda , Carmen Rosa Garrido Gda

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

To determine the molecular sensitization profile of patients allergic to olive pollen and evaluate its correlation with the type and severity of the allergic respiratory disease (ARD).

Patients and methods

Observational, cross-sectional study including patients aged 5–55 years with seasonal ARD (rhinitis and/or asthma) due to olive pollen sensitization from the Jaén University Hospital (Jaén, Spain), an area with prolonged high olive pollen exposure. Specific IgE (sIgE) levels to Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 and clinical variables were considered. ARD severity was categorized according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines (rhinitis) and the Guía Española para el Manejo del Asma (GEMAv4.2).

Results

We included 1111 patients (mean [SD] age: 23.4 [12.7] years, 47.7% female) with asthma (87.8%) and rhinitis (96.9%). Ole e 1 sensitization was the most prevalent (79.6%), followed by Ole e 7 (62.0%) and Ole e 9 (50.8%); 60.3% of patients were sensitized to more than 1 olive pollen allergen and 19.2% had negative sIgE results. Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 sensitizations were associated with asthma diagnosis and severity (p < 0.001 for all), Ole e 7 sensitization with rhinitis diagnosis (p = 0.006), and Ole e 1 and Ole e 9 with rhinitis severity (p = 0.007 and p = 0.006, respectively). The Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 triple sensitization profile was associated with asthma diagnosis (p < 0.001) and severity (p = 0.029), and with rhinitis severity (p = 0.009).

Conclusion

Sensitizations to the olive pollen allergens Ole e 7 and Ole e 9 are prevalent in areas with prolonged high pollen exposure and become major allergens together with Ole e 1. In these areas, a considerable proportion of patients allergic to olive pollen have negative sIgE results. Triple sensitization to Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 is associated with ARD severity and asthma diagnosis. The sensitization profiles based on molecular diagnosis (MD) may affect decisions regarding allergen immunotherapy treatment.

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来源期刊

World Allergy Organization Journal Immunology and Microbiology-Immunology

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

9 weeks

期刊介绍： The official pubication of the World Allergy Organization, the World Allergy Organization Journal (WAOjournal) publishes original mechanistic, translational, and clinical research on the topics of allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, and clincial immunology, as well as reviews, guidelines, and position papers that contribute to the improvement of patient care. WAOjournal publishes research on the growth of allergy prevalence within the scope of single countries, country comparisons, and practical global issues and regulations, or threats to the allergy specialty. The Journal invites the submissions of all authors interested in publishing on current global problems in allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, and immunology. Of particular interest are the immunological consequences of climate change and the subsequent systematic transformations in food habits and their consequences for the allergy/immunology discipline.