Lipids dysregulation in diseases: core concepts, targets and treatment strategies.

IF 3.9 2区医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Lipids in Health and Disease Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1186/s12944-024-02425-1

Tikam Chand Dakal, Feng Xiao, Chandra Kanta Bhusal, Poorna Chandrika Sabapathy, Rakesh Segal, Juan Chen, Xiaodong Bai

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Abstract

Lipid metabolism is a well-regulated process essential for maintaining cellular functions and energy homeostasis. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is associated with various conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndromes. This review explores the mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism, emphasizing the roles of key lipid species such as triglycerides, phospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. It also examines the genetic and environmental factors contributing to lipid dysregulation and the challenges of diagnosing and managing lipid-related disorders. Recent advancements in lipid-lowering therapies, including PCSK9 inhibitors, ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, and olpasiran, provide promising treatment options. However, these advancements are accompanied by challenges related to cost, accessibility, and patient adherence. The review highlights the need for personalized medicine approaches to address the interplay between genetics and environmental factors in lipid metabolism. As lipidomics and advanced diagnostic tools continue to progress, a deeper understanding of lipid-related disorders could pave the way for more effective therapeutic strategies.

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疾病中的脂质失调：核心概念、目标和治疗策略。

脂质代谢是一个调节良好的过程，对维持细胞功能和能量稳态至关重要。脂质代谢失调与多种疾病有关，包括心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病和代谢综合征。本文综述了脂质代谢的机制，重点介绍了甘油三酯、磷脂、鞘脂和甾醇等关键脂类在细胞生理和病理生理中的作用。它还检查了遗传和环境因素，有助于脂质失调和诊断和管理脂质相关疾病的挑战。最近在降脂治疗方面的进展，包括PCSK9抑制剂、依折替米贝、苯足酸和奥帕西兰，提供了有希望的治疗选择。然而，这些进步伴随着成本、可及性和患者依从性方面的挑战。这篇综述强调需要个性化的医学方法来解决遗传和环境因素在脂质代谢中的相互作用。随着脂质组学和先进诊断工具的不断进步，对脂质相关疾病的更深入了解可能为更有效的治疗策略铺平道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Lipids in Health and Disease 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

2.20%

发文量

122

审稿时长

3-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Lipids in Health and Disease is an open access, peer-reviewed, journal that publishes articles on all aspects of lipids: their biochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, role in health and disease, and the synthesis of new lipid compounds. Lipids in Health and Disease is aimed at all scientists, health professionals and physicians interested in the area of lipids. Lipids are defined here in their broadest sense, to include: cholesterol, essential fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, phospholipids, inositol lipids, second messenger lipids, enzymes and synthetic machinery that is involved in the metabolism of various lipids in the cells and tissues, and also various aspects of lipid transport, etc. In addition, the journal also publishes research that investigates and defines the role of lipids in various physiological processes, pathology and disease. In particular, the journal aims to bridge the gap between the bench and the clinic by publishing articles that are particularly relevant to human diseases and the role of lipids in the management of various diseases.