Enhancing the acid resistance of oxide glass through ion diffusion at the glass/ceramic interface

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Applied Surface Science Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162784

Ao Li, Chunyu Chen, Qingchao Jia, Shuyu Zhang, Shenrui Zhang, Yangsu Yao, Huidan Zeng

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Abstract

High acid resistance of terminal electrodes is crucial for the reliability of multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC). However, enhancing the acid resistance of the glass to protect terminal electrodes without sacrificing their sintering performance and adhesion strength remains a challenge. This work demonstrates that the acid resistance of the sealing glass can be significantly enhanced by promoting the release of Ti⁴⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ ions from the commercial BaTiO₃ ceramic substrate into the glass melt. During the sealing process, Ti⁴⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ ions diffuse from the BaTiO₃ based ceramic into the CaO-BaO-ZnO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass melt, which increases the bridging oxygen content and thereby strengthens the glass structural network. Moreover, Ti⁴⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ ions reduce the diameter of the diffusion channels within the passivation gel. This work reveals the significant roles of the interfacial ion diffusion in enhancing the acid resistance of the sealing glasses and provides a smart way to develop highly acid-resistant glasses for various applications.

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来源期刊

Applied Surface Science 工程技术-材料科学：膜

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

7.50%

发文量

3393

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Applied Surface Science covers topics contributing to a better understanding of surfaces, interfaces, nanostructures and their applications. The journal is concerned with scientific research on the atomic and molecular level of material properties determined with specific surface analytical techniques and/or computational methods, as well as the processing of such structures.