Breaking the gender barrier: a study on enrollment trends in medical specialties at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Salud Publica De Mexico Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI:10.21149/15437

Michele de L Breda-Yepes, Carlos Garrido-Solano, Viridiana Martínez-Miranda, Xana E Robles-Cacho, Arturo Abundes-Corona, Amin Cervantes-Arriaga, Teresita Corona-Vazquez

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Abstract

Objective: To analyzes the gender gap among residents enrolled in the medical specialization program of the Graduate Division at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Facultad de Medicina.

Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive observational study of students registered in all 78 medical specialties offered by UNAM over a period of 7 years (2015-2022) at approximately 161 hospitals in Mexico.

Results: A total of 79 175 students were studied, we observed a predominance of women 51.69%, compared to 48.30% men. In medical specialties, we found a predominance of women of 57.33%, in contrast to surgical specialties with 44.76% women. The specialties with the most women enrolled were dermatology, neonatology, pediatrics, gynecology, and psychiatry. In men, the specialties with the most enrollment were general surgery, cardiology, neurosurgery, plastic surgery among others.

Conclusion: Women predominance is observed in some medical specialties, especially those that require caregiving tasks. However, a gap remains between men and women, particularly in surgical specialties and in higher decision-making positions. We suggest extending support networks to include men as well as women.

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打破性别障碍：关于国立大学Autónoma de mmachico医学专业入学趋势的研究。

目的：分析国立医科大学Autónoma （UNAM）医学院研究生部医学专业项目住院医师的性别差异。材料和方法：我们对墨西哥国立大学提供的78个医学专业的学生进行了一项描述性观察研究，研究时间为7年（2015-2022年），在墨西哥大约161家医院进行。结果：共调查79 175名学生，女性占51.69%，男性占48.30%。在医学专业中，我们发现女性占57.33%的优势，而外科专业中女性占44.76%。女性入组最多的专业是皮肤病学、新生儿学、儿科、妇科和精神病学。在男性中，注册人数最多的专业是普外科、心脏病学、神经外科、整形外科等。结论：女性在某些医学专业中占优势，尤其是那些需要照顾的专业。然而，男性和女性之间仍然存在差距，特别是在外科专业和更高的决策职位上。我们建议扩大支持网络，包括男性和女性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Salud Publica De Mexico PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

21.70%

发文量

审稿时长

34 weeks

期刊介绍： Salud Pública de México se crea en 1959 y comienza a publicarse bimestralmente a partir de 1961; en 1988 inicia una nueva época en la que se refuerza su carácter de publicación científica con evaluación por pares. Es una revista publicada por el Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), organismo descentralizado de la Secretaría de Salud de México, dedicado a la investigación, docencia y difusión del conocimiento en salud pública. El INSP, de acuerdo con la normatividad internacional, otorga a la revista independencia editorial.