ESCRTs - a multi-purpose membrane remodeling device encoded in all life forms.

IF 14 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Trends in Microbiology Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2025.01.009
Dikla Nachmias, Béla P Frohn, Carsten Sachse, Itzhak Mizrahi, Natalie Elia
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes required for transport) membrane remodeling complex, found across all life forms, exhibits a versatility that transcends evolutionary boundaries. From orchestrating the constriction of micron-wide tubes in cell division to facilitating the budding of 50 nm vesicles in receptor degradation, ESCRTs perform diverse functions in animal cells. However, the basis of this functional diversity remains enigmatic. While extensively studied in eukaryotes, the role of ESCRTs in prokaryotes is only beginning to emerge. This review synthesizes data on ESCRT systems across the tree of life, focusing on microorganisms and drawing parallels to their functions in human cells. This comparative approach highlights the remarkable plasticity of the ESCRT system across functional, structural, and genomic levels in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This integrated knowledge supports a model in which the ESCRT system evolved as a multipurpose membrane remodeling tool, adaptable to specific functions within and across organisms. Our review not only underscores the significance of ESCRTs in microorganisms but also paves the way for exciting avenues of research into the intricacies of cellular membrane dynamics, offering valuable insights into the evolution of cellular complexity across diverse organisms and ecosystems.

escrt -一种在所有生命形式中编码的多用途膜重塑装置。
ESCRT(运输所需的内体分选复合体)膜重塑复合体存在于所有生命形式中,表现出超越进化界限的多功能性。escrt在动物细胞中发挥着多种功能,从在细胞分裂过程中调控微米宽管的收缩,到在受体降解过程中促进50纳米囊泡的出芽。然而,这种功能多样性的基础仍然是个谜。虽然在真核生物中得到了广泛的研究,但escrt在原核生物中的作用才刚刚开始出现。这篇综述综合了生命之树中ESCRT系统的数据,重点关注微生物,并将其与人类细胞中的功能相提并论。这种比较方法突出了ESCRT系统在原核生物和真核生物的功能、结构和基因组水平上的显著可塑性。这一综合知识支持了ESCRT系统作为一种多用途膜重塑工具进化而来的模型,该工具可适应生物体内部和跨生物体的特定功能。我们的综述不仅强调了escrt在微生物中的重要性,而且为研究细胞膜动力学的复杂性铺平了道路,为不同生物和生态系统中细胞复杂性的进化提供了有价值的见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Trends in Microbiology
Trends in Microbiology 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
25.30
自引率
0.60%
发文量
193
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Trends in Microbiology serves as a comprehensive, multidisciplinary forum for discussing various aspects of microbiology, spanning cell biology, immunology, genetics, evolution, virology, bacteriology, protozoology, and mycology. In the rapidly evolving field of microbiology, technological advancements, especially in genome sequencing, impact prokaryote biology from pathogens to extremophiles, influencing developments in drugs, vaccines, and industrial enzyme research.
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