{"title":"Can AI-generated faces serve as fillers in eyewitness lineups?","authors":"Rachel Leigh Greenspan, Amanda N Bergold","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2025.2467134","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To create a photo lineup for an eyewitness, police embed the suspect in a group of similar-looking individuals (i.e., fillers). If the witness selects the suspect from these photos of similar-looking people, then this provides evidence they remember the suspect from the crime event. Selecting appropriate fillers is one of the most difficult aspects of lineup construction. In these studies, we explore the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) to generate images of fake people to serve as fillers in a photo lineup. Our results show that people largely fail to detect the differences in a lineup between the real photo of the suspect and the AI-generated fillers. Across different identification outcomes and related decision criteria, we found no evidence of differences between lineups with real and AI-generated fillers. Our study focused on a white, male target and future research is needed to test the generalizability of these findings. We conclude by discussing the feasibility and implications of the use of this technology in police investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"416-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Memory","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2025.2467134","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/2/20 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
To create a photo lineup for an eyewitness, police embed the suspect in a group of similar-looking individuals (i.e., fillers). If the witness selects the suspect from these photos of similar-looking people, then this provides evidence they remember the suspect from the crime event. Selecting appropriate fillers is one of the most difficult aspects of lineup construction. In these studies, we explore the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) to generate images of fake people to serve as fillers in a photo lineup. Our results show that people largely fail to detect the differences in a lineup between the real photo of the suspect and the AI-generated fillers. Across different identification outcomes and related decision criteria, we found no evidence of differences between lineups with real and AI-generated fillers. Our study focused on a white, male target and future research is needed to test the generalizability of these findings. We conclude by discussing the feasibility and implications of the use of this technology in police investigations.
期刊介绍：
Memory publishes high quality papers in all areas of memory research. This includes experimental studies of memory (including laboratory-based research, everyday memory studies, and applied memory research), developmental, educational, neuropsychological, clinical and social research on memory. By representing all significant areas of memory research, the journal cuts across the traditional distinctions of psychological research. Memory therefore provides a unique venue for memory researchers to communicate their findings and ideas both to peers within their own research tradition in the study of memory, and also to the wider range of research communities with direct interest in human memory.
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