Review of nuclear structure N=86–118 of W isotopes

Abstract

Nuclear structure of N = 86–118 W isotopes in even Z even N contains ground state band K^π=0⁺, K^π=0⁺ β-band and K^π=2⁺ γ-band. The energy E(2₁⁺) for spin I^π=2⁺ of ground state band shows minima at neutron number N = 108, which indicates shape phase transition. The energy ratio R_4/2 is maximum at N = 108 having nearly rotational symmetry and showed shape phase transition. The Power index ‘b’ in E=aI^b, shows minimum to maximum from N = 88 to N = 108 and again decreasing up to N = 116. The electromagnetic transition strength B(E2)↑ varies linearly with [1/ E(2₁⁺)]. The γ-band head difference with E(4₁⁺) is maximum at N = 108 and decreases for higher N, coming closer to the ground band. The band structure of W isotopes N = 108 to N = 112 is studied with the interacting boson model (IBM) and compared with experimental energies. Here the shape phase transitions, both sides of neutron number N = 108 ¹⁸²W is analyzed.