Uncovering soil heavy metal pollution hotspots and influencing mechanisms through machine learning and spatial analysis

IF 7.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125901

Xiaoyong Song , Yao Sun , Huijuan Wang , Xinmiao Huang , Zilin Han , Yilan Shu , Jiaheng Wu , Zhenglin Zhang , Qicheng Zhong , Rongxi Li , Zhengqiu Fan

{"title":"Uncovering soil heavy metal pollution hotspots and influencing mechanisms through machine learning and spatial analysis","authors":"Xiaoyong Song , Yao Sun , Huijuan Wang , Xinmiao Huang , Zilin Han , Yilan Shu , Jiaheng Wu , Zhenglin Zhang , Qicheng Zhong , Rongxi Li , Zhengqiu Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125901","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil heavy metal (HM) pollution is a significant and widespread environmental issue in China, highlighting the need to quantify influencing factors and identify priority concern areas for effective prevention and management. Based on published literature data of soil HM concentrations from 2000 to 2022, this study investigated the pollution characteristics and spatial distribution of eight soil HMs in China, and identified the hotspot areas of HM pollution and related influencing factors. The main findings were as follows: (1) The average concentrations of all eight HMs all exceeded their respective background values, with Cd (<em>I</em><sub><em>geo</em></sub> = 1.41) and Hg (<em>I</em><sub><em>geo</em></sub> = 0.85) showing the most serious pollution. (2) The Random forest-SHapley Additive exPlanations (RF-SHAP) model revealed that transportation and agriculture activities dominantly contribute to soil HM accumulation in China. (3) Bivariate local indicators of spatial association (LISA) based on Moran's I identified industry and transportation activities as primary drivers of HM pollution in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, whereas a combination of agriculture and industry activities was the main cause of pollution in Central China. This study offers valuable insights for the control and management of soil HM pollution and provides a critical reference for shaping comprehensive policies aimed at addressing HM pollution on a regional or national scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":311,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Pollution","volume":"370 ","pages":"Article 125901"},"PeriodicalIF":7.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Pollution","FirstCategoryId":"93","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S026974912500274X","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Soil heavy metal (HM) pollution is a significant and widespread environmental issue in China, highlighting the need to quantify influencing factors and identify priority concern areas for effective prevention and management. Based on published literature data of soil HM concentrations from 2000 to 2022, this study investigated the pollution characteristics and spatial distribution of eight soil HMs in China, and identified the hotspot areas of HM pollution and related influencing factors. The main findings were as follows: (1) The average concentrations of all eight HMs all exceeded their respective background values, with Cd (I_geo = 1.41) and Hg (I_geo = 0.85) showing the most serious pollution. (2) The Random forest-SHapley Additive exPlanations (RF-SHAP) model revealed that transportation and agriculture activities dominantly contribute to soil HM accumulation in China. (3) Bivariate local indicators of spatial association (LISA) based on Moran's I identified industry and transportation activities as primary drivers of HM pollution in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta, whereas a combination of agriculture and industry activities was the main cause of pollution in Central China. This study offers valuable insights for the control and management of soil HM pollution and provides a critical reference for shaping comprehensive policies aimed at addressing HM pollution on a regional or national scale.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

基于机器学习和空间分析的土壤重金属污染热点及其影响机制

土壤重金属污染是中国一个重要而普遍的环境问题，需要量化影响因素，确定优先关注的领域，以进行有效的预防和管理。基于2000-2022年中国土壤HM浓度的已发表文献数据，研究了8种土壤HM的污染特征和空间分布，确定了HM污染的热点地区及其影响因素。结果表明：(1)8种HMs的平均浓度均超过了各自的背景值，其中Cd （Igeo=1.41）和Hg （Igeo=0.85）污染最严重。(2)随机森林-沙普利加性解释（RF-SHAP）模型表明，交通运输和农业活动对中国土壤HM积累起主导作用。(3)基于Moran’s I的双变量局部空间关联指标（LISA）表明，工业和交通活动是长三角和珠三角地区HM污染的主要驱动因素，而农业和工业活动的结合是华中地区HM污染的主要原因。本研究为土壤HM污染的控制和管理提供了有价值的见解，并为制定旨在解决区域或国家范围内HM污染的综合政策提供了重要参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.