Impact of Epstein-Barr virus and CD lymphocytes on the prognosis of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Infectious Agents and Cancer Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1186/s13027-025-00638-2

Fangchu Liu, Yonghua Peng, Xintao Wang, Weili Long, Zhenhe Huang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Understanding the factors influencing the occurrence and progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is critical for reducing incidence rates and improving patient outcomes. The objective of this study is to preliminarily investigate the impact of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cluster of differentiation (CD) lymphocytes on the prognosis of patients with advanced NPC.

Method: A prospective cohort study design was employed, involving newly diagnosed patients with NPC confirmed by pathological diagnosis. Patients received standard radiotherapy and chemotherapy according to treatment guidelines, with regular follow-up assessments conducted. Prior to treatment initiation, patients underwent testing for EBV, blood biochemistry, and other parameters, while baseline data including patient age, pathology, and tumor node metastasis classification (TNM) staging were also collected. The primary outcome measure focused on disease progression.

Results: The analysis included a total of 99 cases, with a median age of 52 years, all of whom were stage III or IV patients. The median progression-free survival time for the patients was 45.53 months. After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, T stage, and metastasis, patients with low levels of B cells exhibited a 1.503-fold increased risk of progression compared to those with high levels of B cells (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.503; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.062-5.899). Patients infected with EBV had a 1.739-fold increased risk of progression compared to uninfected patients (adjusted HR = 2.739; 95% CI: 1.222-6.125).

Conclusion: This study observed that patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma, infected with EBV and exhibiting diminished B cell levels, display heightened susceptibility to disease deterioration and progression.

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来源期刊

Infectious Agents and Cancer ONCOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY

CiteScore

5.80

自引率

2.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Infectious Agents and Cancer is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal that encompasses all aspects of basic, clinical, epidemiological and translational research providing an insight into the association between chronic infections and cancer. The journal welcomes submissions in the pathogen-related cancer areas and other related topics, in particular: • HPV and anogenital cancers, as well as head and neck cancers; • EBV and Burkitt lymphoma; • HCV/HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as lymphoproliferative diseases; • HHV8 and Kaposi sarcoma; • HTLV and leukemia; • Cancers in Low- and Middle-income countries. The link between infection and cancer has become well established over the past 50 years, and infection-associated cancer contribute up to 16% of cancers in developed countries and 33% in less developed countries. Preventive vaccines have been developed for only two cancer-causing viruses, highlighting both the opportunity to prevent infection-associated cancers by vaccination and the gaps that remain before vaccines can be developed for other cancer-causing agents. These gaps are due to incomplete understanding of the basic biology, natural history, epidemiology of many of the pathogens that cause cancer, the mechanisms they exploit to cause cancer, and how to interrupt progression to cancer in human populations. Early diagnosis or identification of lesions at high risk of progression represent the current most critical research area of the field supported by recent advances in genomics and proteomics technologies.