Advancements in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Risk Stratification of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

IF 4.7 2区医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY

Current Oncology Reports Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1007/s11912-025-01645-7

Shayan Smani, Julien DuBois, Kai Zhao, Ryan Sutherland, Syed N Rahman, Peter Humphrey, David Hesse, Wei Shen Tan, Darryl Martin, Soum D Lokeshwar, Fady Ghali

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: This review examines the evolving landscape of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) management, focusing on risk stratification, novel therapeutic strategies, and the integration of biomarkers into clinical care.

Recent findings: Emerging genomic markers such as FGFR3 and TERT promoter mutations show promise for diagnosis and personalized treatment. Advances in immunotherapy, including the use of pembrolizumab and nadofaragene firadenovec, offer options for BCG-unresponsive NMIBC, though challenges like cost and adverse effects remain. Current guidelines emphasize stratified care based on risk, balancing treatment intensity with recurrence and progression risks. While transurethral resection with intravesical therapy remains the standard for most NMIBC, early radical cystectomy is pivotal for select high-risk cases. Future directions highlight the need for biomarker-driven models to refine treatment paradigms, reduce overtreatment, and improve long-term outcomes. Continued clinical trials are essential to validate these approaches and address unmet needs in NMIBC care.

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来源期刊

Current Oncology Reports ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

8.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

187

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This journal aims to review the most important, recently published clinical findings in the field of oncology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the care of those affected by cancer. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as cancer prevention, leukemia, melanoma, neuro-oncology, and palliative medicine. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.