Warming During Different Life Stages has Distinct Impacts on Host Resistance Ecology and Evolution

IF 7.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ecology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1111/ele.70087
Jingdi Li, Cameron A. Smith, Jinlin Chen, Kieran A. Bates, Kayla C. King
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Abstract

Climate change is increasing extreme heating events and the potential for disease outbreaks. Whether hosts can adapt to infection with rising temperatures is important for forecasting species persistence. We tested whether warming—at different host life stages—affects the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans infected by a wild bacterial pathogen. We competed resistant and susceptible genotypes across 10 passages and tracked the spread of resistance in the population. Infection and prolonged warming strongly selected for the resistant genotype. Warming during host development induced plastic defences against infection, reducing the selective pressure for costly genetic-based resistance. Resistance was lost under ambient temperatures and periodic warming. Selection for resistance was likely weakened at ambient temperatures by the dilution effect, whereby the resistant genotype reduced pathogen transmission. Evolutionary dynamics of resistance depend on the balance among pathogen virulence, costs of genetic-based resistance, the dilution effect and plastic defences induced by temperature stress.

Abstract Image

不同生命阶段的增温对寄主的抗性生态和进化有不同的影响
气候变化正在增加极端高温事件和疾病暴发的可能性。宿主是否能适应温度上升的感染,对于预测物种的持久性很重要。我们测试了在不同宿主生命阶段的变暖是否会影响被野生细菌病原体感染的秀丽隐杆线虫的生态和进化动力学。我们在10个传代中对抗性和易感基因型进行了竞争,并跟踪了抗性在群体中的传播。感染和长时间升温对抗性基因型有强烈的选择作用。宿主发育期间的变暖诱导了对感染的塑料防御,减少了代价高昂的基于遗传的抗性的选择压力。在环境温度和周期性升温下,抵抗力丧失。在环境温度下,由于稀释效应,抗性的选择可能被削弱,从而抗性基因型减少了病原体的传播。抗性的进化动力学取决于病原体毒力、遗传抗性成本、稀释效应和温度胁迫诱导的塑性防御之间的平衡。
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来源期刊
Ecology Letters
Ecology Letters 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
3.40%
发文量
201
审稿时长
1.8 months
期刊介绍: Ecology Letters serves as a platform for the rapid publication of innovative research in ecology. It considers manuscripts across all taxa, biomes, and geographic regions, prioritizing papers that investigate clearly stated hypotheses. The journal publishes concise papers of high originality and general interest, contributing to new developments in ecology. Purely descriptive papers and those that only confirm or extend previous results are discouraged.
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