Internal solitary wave generation using a jet-array wavemaker

IF 2.3 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Experiments in Fluids Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1007/s00348-025-03979-1

Jen-Ping Chu, Patrick Lynett, Mitul Luhar

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Abstract

This paper evaluates the experimental generation of internal solitary waves (ISWs) in a miscible two-layer system with a free surface using a jet-array wavemaker (JAW). Unlike traditional gate-release experiments, the JAW system generates ISWs by forcing a prescribed vertical distribution of mass flux. Experiments examine three different layer-depth ratios, with ISW amplitudes up to the maximum allowed by the extended Korteweg-de Vries (eKdV) solution. Phase speeds and wave profiles are captured via planar laser-induced fluorescence and the velocity field is measured synchronously using particle imaging velocimetry. Measured properties are directly compared with the eKdV predictions. As expected, small- and intermediate-amplitude waves match well with the corresponding eKdV solutions, with errors in amplitude and phase speed below 10%. For large waves with amplitudes approaching the maximum allowed by the eKdV solution, the phase speed and the velocity profiles resemble the eKdV solution while the wave profiles are distorted following the trough. This can potentially be attributed to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities forming at the pycnocline. Larger errors are generally observed when the local Richardson number at the JAW inlet exceeds the threshold for instability.

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利用射流阵列造波器产生内部孤立波

本文利用射流阵列造波器（JAW）对具有自由表面的两层混相体系内孤立波（ISWs）的实验产生进行了评价。与传统的闸门释放实验不同，JAW系统通过强制规定的质量通量垂直分布来产生isw。实验检查了三种不同的层深比，其中ISW振幅达到扩展Korteweg-de Vries （eKdV）解决方案所允许的最大值。通过平面激光诱导荧光捕获相速度和波剖面，并使用粒子成像测速仪同步测量速度场。测量的性质直接与eKdV预测相比较。结果表明，中、小振幅波与相应的eKdV解匹配良好，幅值和相速误差均在10%以下。对于振幅接近eKdV解允许的最大值的大波，相速度和速度分布与eKdV解相似，但波的分布随波谷而扭曲。这可能归因于在斜斜形成的开尔文-亥姆霍兹不稳定性。当下颚入口的局部Richardson数超过失稳阈值时，通常观察到较大的误差。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Experiments in Fluids 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

157

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： Experiments in Fluids examines the advancement, extension, and improvement of new techniques of flow measurement. The journal also publishes contributions that employ existing experimental techniques to gain an understanding of the underlying flow physics in the areas of turbulence, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, convective heat transfer, combustion, turbomachinery, multi-phase flows, and chemical, biological and geological flows. In addition, readers will find papers that report on investigations combining experimental and analytical/numerical approaches.