Beam-Shape-Based Angle-of-Arrival Estimation in Free-Space Laser Communication

IF 2.1 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Photonics Journal Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI:10.1109/JPHOT.2025.3539420

Hannes F. Dreier;Ali Derakhshandeh;Andrej Harlakin;Peter A. Hoeher

引用次数: 0

Abstract

A novel technique is proposed for estimating the angle-of-arrival (AOA) in free-space laser communication based on the shape of a laser beam spot on a flat surface. Two methods are introduced: one where ellipses are fitted to the intensity contour of the beam spot, and another where a least-squares fit of an AOA-dependent two-dimensional Gaussian distribution is applied to the intensity distribution. The effects of beam displacement, discretization, and noise on estimation performance are analyzed. The Cramér-Rao lower bound is derived and examined in relation to the true AOA. Both methods are verified through numerical simulations and experiments. For experimental validation, a novel beam sampling technique using a liquid-crystal display and a single photodiode is developed.

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来源期刊

IEEE Photonics Journal ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC-OPTICS

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

8.30%

发文量

489

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Breakthroughs in the generation of light and in its control and utilization have given rise to the field of Photonics, a rapidly expanding area of science and technology with major technological and economic impact. Photonics integrates quantum electronics and optics to accelerate progress in the generation of novel photon sources and in their utilization in emerging applications at the micro and nano scales spanning from the far-infrared/THz to the x-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum. IEEE Photonics Journal is an online-only journal dedicated to the rapid disclosure of top-quality peer-reviewed research at the forefront of all areas of photonics. Contributions addressing issues ranging from fundamental understanding to emerging technologies and applications are within the scope of the Journal. The Journal includes topics in: Photon sources from far infrared to X-rays, Photonics materials and engineered photonic structures, Integrated optics and optoelectronic, Ultrafast, attosecond, high field and short wavelength photonics, Biophotonics, including DNA photonics, Nanophotonics, Magnetophotonics, Fundamentals of light propagation and interaction; nonlinear effects, Optical data storage, Fiber optics and optical communications devices, systems, and technologies, Micro Opto Electro Mechanical Systems (MOEMS), Microwave photonics, Optical Sensors.