Viscous dissipation and Joule heating effects on MHD flow of blood-based hybrid nanofluid

Abstract

This study investigates the combined effects of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on the MHD flow of a blood-based hybrid nanofluid infused with Au and Cu nanoparticles. Governing equations are derived and appropriately normalized, with the Caputo fractional derivative applied to transform transient terms into time-fractional forms. These transformed equations, which yield complex modified Bessel functions, are then solved analytically using the Laplace transform method. The study’s primary novelty lies in the application of the concentrated matrix exponential (CME) method to numerically approximate inverse Laplace transforms of the modified equations, which is accomplished using Python software. Results for velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle distribution profiles are analyzed graphically. Numerical results for skin friction, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers are also presented in a table. The results reveal that velocity, temperature, and hybrid nanoparticle distribution are greatly affected by the fractional-order parameter. Our results also show an enhancement in skin friction as Peclet, Eckert, and Reynolds numbers increase, with the reverse process observed for increasing Hartmann numbers, while Nusselt and Sherwood numbers decrease with increasing Reynolds numbers. Nanoparticles are redistributed at the core of the blood vessel rather than at the walls with the fractional-order parameter and Reynolds number, but remain constant throughout the vessel with the Hartmann, Peclet, and Eckert numbers. The findings of this study are essential in the medical field for targeted drug delivery and in treating burns, tumors, and cardiovascular disorders.