Dynamic model to assess the impacts of government support for electric vehicles on the economy and environment sectors in Indonesia

Abstract

This research proposes a comprehensive analysis of the environmental and economic impacts of electric vehicle (EVs) adoption using system dynamics modeling. A system dynamics framework is utilized to integrate various aspects of EVs, economy, environment, and impact of policies on those sectors. Stock and flow diagrams were used to model and predict the impact of government support on electric vehicles based on the existing and future conditions through several proposed strategies. This research mainly contributes to providing causal relationships of variables and parameters influencing the number of EVs and their impact on the economy and environment, modeling and simulation of several sub-systems based on the existing condition, and scenario modeling to predict and improve the number of EV, economic value, and environmentally friendly in the future. This research examines how different policies for electric vehicles (EVs) might affect the numbers of people use them, the pollution caused, and the cost spent. They looked at total emissions, yearly budget, and the number of electric cars and motorcycles. The results show that continuing or increasing government help (scenarios SCN2 & SCN3) for EVs leads to the biggest pollution reduction. Focusing on developing new technologies and industries for EVs (SCN4) shows the biggest short-term pollution reduction. The key takeaway is that long-term support for EVs and technological advancements are essential for success. Finding a balance between the initial costs and the long-term benefits is crucial when designing policies for EVs.