Comprehensive performance investigation of the novel mixed flow field for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Three-dimensional multiphase simulation of a full-scale cell

Abstract

This study addresses the challenges associated with proton exchange membrane fuel cells, specifically focusing on the bipolar plates which often suffer from weak mass transfer capabilities, significant pressure losses, and uneven internal liquid distribution. Initially, the research explores the advantages and disadvantages inherent in single-channel serpentine flow fields and interdigitated flow fields. By integrating these two configurations, a novel mixed flow field (MFF) is developed to enhance the output performance of fuel cells while maintaining consistent water distribution within the porous electrodes. Subsequently, an experimental test platform for a single cell is established. It is observed that the experimental results are slightly lower than the simulations, particularly in the ohmic voltage loss region. Further investigation is conducted into the impact of inlet/outlet arrangements of the MFF on the comprehensive characteristics of the cell, and the third arrangement method demonstrates optimal uniformity in membrane water content distribution. Finally, the study examines the macroscopic performance characteristics and spatial distribution of various physical quantities of the MFF under different operating conditions, such as cathode inlet humidity and operating voltage. The findings indicate that the MFF exhibits optimal comprehensive output performance at an inlet humidity of 60 % and an operating voltage of 0 .5V.