Severe left main coronary artery disease and STEMI in a 19-year-old without traditional risk factors: A rare case of premature coronary artery disease.

Abstract

Premature coronary artery disease (CAD) is defined by the early onset of significant atherosclerotic narrowing of the coronary arteries, generally occurring before age 55 in men and 60 in women. This condition is an increasing concern in cardiovascular medicine due to its impact on younger populations, resulting in greater morbidity, diminished quality of life, and a substantial economic burden. Common risk factors include dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, and genetic predispositions such as familial hyperlipidemia. This case report describes a 19-year-old male with no known cardiovascular risk factors who presented with an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and ventricular tachycardia caused by left main coronary artery disease including the left anterior descending artery and the left circumflex artery. Despite lacking common risk factors, he underwent successful coronary artery bypass grafting with two grafts.