Recent prevalence and trends of obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) among US adolescents: 1999 to 2020

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.70003

Michael Sun, Hongbing Sun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is understudied among US adolescents despite rising obesity rates.

Methods

This study analysed the prevalence and trends of obesity and MASLD among US adolescents aged 12–17 using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We developed a new screening model utilizing FibroScan-measured controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) scores, body measurements and blood chemistry data from 2017 to 2020 to assist in analysing MASLD trends from 1999 to 2020.

Results

Between 2017 and 2020, the prevalence of obesity and MASLD was approximately 20%, with about 70% of obese adolescents affected by MASLD. The condition was more common in boys, particularly among Mexican American adolescents. Additionally, 97.2% of those with NAFLD also had MASLD. Adolescents with MASLD had significantly higher body weight, waist circumference, triglyceride levels and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, along with lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and an increased risk of liver fibrosis. Insufficient physical activity and poor diet quality were key risk factors for developing MASLD. From 1999 to 2020, the prevalence of MASLD rose significantly, paralleling the increasing rates of obesity.

Conclusions

The study underscores the pressing need to screen at-risk adolescents for metabolic issues associated with steatotic liver diseases, given the rising obesity rates among adolescents. The high overlap between MASLD and NAFLD diagnoses indicates that the transition from NAFLD to MASLD can be effectively integrated into paediatric practice.

查看原文本刊更多论文

美国青少年肥胖症和代谢功能障碍相关脂肪变性肝病（MASLD）的近期流行趋势：1999年至2020年

背景：代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MASLD），以前称为非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD），在美国青少年中研究不足，尽管肥胖率上升。方法：本研究利用美国国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据，分析了美国12-17岁青少年肥胖和MASLD的患病率和趋势。我们开发了一种新的筛选模型，利用纤维扫描测量的控制衰减参数（CAP）评分、2017年至2020年的身体测量和血液化学数据，帮助分析1999年至2020年的MASLD趋势。结果：2017 - 2020年，肥胖和MASLD患病率约为20%，其中约70%的肥胖青少年受MASLD影响。这种情况在男孩中更为常见，尤其是在墨西哥裔美国青少年中。此外，97.2%的NAFLD患者同时患有MASLD。患有MASLD的青少年体重、腰围、甘油三酯水平和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）水平明显较高，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇较低，肝纤维化风险增加。运动不足和饮食质量差是发生MASLD的主要危险因素。从1999年到2020年，MASLD的患病率显著上升，与肥胖率的上升同步。结论：鉴于青少年肥胖率的上升，该研究强调了筛查与脂肪变性肝病相关的代谢问题的迫切需要。MASLD和NAFLD诊断之间的高度重叠表明，从NAFLD到MASLD的转变可以有效地融入儿科实践。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.