Landscape Archaeology of the Chuchuwayha Sacred Site (British Colombia, Canada)

IF 1.4 3区地球科学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Geoarchaeology-An International Journal Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI:10.1002/gea.22038

Jean-Jacques Delannoy, Anita Quiles, Julien Jacquet, Mike Allison, Régis Braucher, Laetitia Léanni, Emmanuel Malet, Jeremy Ash, Johan Berthet, Angela Clyburn, Yago Delannoy, Jean-Michel Geneste, Brenda Gould, Megan Harris, Susan Rowley

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Abstract

New research is being conducted at the Chuchuwayha sacred site (British Columbia, Canada) at the request of the Upper Similkameen Indian Band, who want to pass on the site's history to future generations. The project's aims were to determine when this site in the glacial Similkameen Valley became accessible to human communities, to reconstruct the formation of the surrounding landscape, and to describe the rock shelter's evolution during the period of human frequentation (rock art). To this end, we combined geomorphological, archaeometric, and geochemical (cosmogenic dating) data to construct a robust chronological framework for the site's evolution and human occupations. Results showed that the Similkameen Valley became ice-free 18,000 years ago, that the site's morphology was shaped by postglacial processes, and that its general topography had formed around 7000 years ago. The site's morphology—a rock shelter behind a mound of rockfall boulders—created a trap for eolian and autochthonous sediments, which have preserved a record of human occupations. Our multidisciplinary approach also enabled us to determine age ranges for the shelter's paintings, to draw up a new time frame for human occupations of the site, which lies on a traditional Syilx trail, and to relate these occupations to changes in the surrounding landscape.

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Chuchuwayha圣地景观考古（加拿大英属哥伦比亚）

应Upper Similkameen印第安部落的要求，人们正在Chuchuwayha圣地（加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省）进行新的研究，他们希望将该遗址的历史传给后代。该项目的目的是确定这个位于冰川Similkameen山谷的遗址何时可以进入人类社区，重建周围景观的形成，并描述岩石庇护所在人类频繁活动期间的演变（岩石艺术）。为此，我们将地貌学、考古学和地球化学（宇宙起源测年）数据结合起来，为该遗址的演变和人类活动构建了一个可靠的时间框架。结果表明，Similkameen山谷在1.8万年前无冰，该遗址的形态是由后冰期过程形成的，其总体地形形成于7000年前左右。该遗址的形态——一堆落石巨石后面的岩石掩体——为风成和原生沉积物创造了一个陷阱，这些沉积物保存了人类活动的记录。我们的多学科方法也使我们能够确定庇护所绘画的年龄范围，为位于传统Syilx小径上的场地的人类职业制定新的时间框架，并将这些职业与周围景观的变化联系起来。

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来源期刊

Geoarchaeology-An International Journal 地学-地球科学综合

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Geoarchaeology is an interdisciplinary journal published six times per year (in January, March, May, July, September and November). It presents the results of original research at the methodological and theoretical interface between archaeology and the geosciences and includes within its scope: interdisciplinary work focusing on understanding archaeological sites, their environmental context, and particularly site formation processes and how the analysis of sedimentary records can enhance our understanding of human activity in Quaternary environments. Manuscripts should examine the interrelationship between archaeology and the various disciplines within Quaternary science and the Earth Sciences more generally, including, for example: geology, geography, geomorphology, pedology, climatology, oceanography, geochemistry, geochronology, and geophysics. We also welcome papers that deal with the biological record of past human activity through the analysis of faunal and botanical remains and palaeoecological reconstructions that shed light on past human-environment interactions. The journal also welcomes manuscripts concerning the examination and geological context of human fossil remains as well as papers that employ analytical techniques to advance understanding of the composition and origin or material culture such as, for example, ceramics, metals, lithics, building stones, plasters, and cements. Such composition and provenance studies should be strongly grounded in their geological context through, for example, the systematic analysis of potential source materials.