Classification and progress of extraction technologies for nonferrous metal resources

IF 10.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Science China Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1007/s11426-024-2196-x

Fangqin Cheng, Na Zhou, Nazeer Muhammad Nouman, Li Cui, Caixia Yin

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Abstract

In recent years, the demand for strategic metal resources, essential for scientific and technological progress and industrial development, has multiplied. Ensuring a stable supply of these metals is critical to national security and the well-being of the population. As global industrialization accelerates, the daily demand for nonferrous metals continues to rise. Consequently, extracting and recovering strategic metals from low-grade raw materials, such as solid waste, has become crucial for maintaining their supply and economic development. However, the extraction process is fraught with challenges, including mineral phase stability and complex composition. This review focuses on key strategic metals such as lithium, aluminum, gallium, and vanadium. It introduces and examines various methods for extracting nonferrous metals from different raw materials, including traditional mining technologies applied to low-grade solid wastes. It also outlines future development opportunities and challenges in this field.

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来源期刊

Science China Chemistry CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

14.40

自引率

7.30%

发文量

3787

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Science China Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China and published by Science China Press, publishes high-quality original research in both basic and applied chemistry. Indexed by Science Citation Index, it is a premier academic journal in the field. Categories of articles include: Highlights. Brief summaries and scholarly comments on recent research achievements in any field of chemistry. Perspectives. Concise reports on thelatest chemistry trends of interest to scientists worldwide, including discussions of research breakthroughs and interpretations of important science and funding policies. Reviews. In-depth summaries of representative results and achievements of the past 5–10 years in selected topics based on or closely related to the research expertise of the authors, providing a thorough assessment of the significance, current status, and future research directions of the field.