Pixel-Level Sequential TDC With Wide Dynamic Range for Large-Array Microbolometer IRFPAs

IF 4.3 2区综合性期刊 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Sensors Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3523498

Jongbeom Kim;Doohyung Woo

引用次数: 0

Abstract

A digital readout integrated circuit (DROIC) incorporating a pixel-level sequential time-to-digital converter (TDC) is studied for microbolometer infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs). To improve signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) with sufficient integration time for IRFPAs with large arrays and small pixel sizes, a sequential driving method with high precision bias suppression is used. A pixel-level TDC with a single-slope analog-to-digital converter (SS-ADC) is proposed to improve dynamic range (DR) and SNR over a wide input range despite low supply voltage and power consumption. The readout circuit is fabricated using a

$0.18~\mu $

m standard CMOS process for

$1026\times 768$

arrays with a pixel size of

$15\times 15~\mu $

m. The maximum integration time and DR are 1.95 ms and 80.9 dB, respectively, with a power consumption of

$0.21~\mu $

W per pixel.

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来源期刊

IEEE Sensors Journal 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

7.70

自引率

14.00%

发文量

2058

审稿时长

5.2 months

期刊介绍： The fields of interest of the IEEE Sensors Journal are the theory, design , fabrication, manufacturing and applications of devices for sensing and transducing physical, chemical and biological phenomena, with emphasis on the electronics and physics aspect of sensors and integrated sensors-actuators. IEEE Sensors Journal deals with the following: -Sensor Phenomenology, Modelling, and Evaluation -Sensor Materials, Processing, and Fabrication -Chemical and Gas Sensors -Microfluidics and Biosensors -Optical Sensors -Physical Sensors: Temperature, Mechanical, Magnetic, and others -Acoustic and Ultrasonic Sensors -Sensor Packaging -Sensor Networks -Sensor Applications -Sensor Systems: Signals, Processing, and Interfaces -Actuators and Sensor Power Systems -Sensor Signal Processing for high precision and stability (amplification, filtering, linearization, modulation/demodulation) and under harsh conditions (EMC, radiation, humidity, temperature); energy consumption/harvesting -Sensor Data Processing (soft computing with sensor data, e.g., pattern recognition, machine learning, evolutionary computation; sensor data fusion, processing of wave e.g., electromagnetic and acoustic; and non-wave, e.g., chemical, gravity, particle, thermal, radiative and non-radiative sensor data, detection, estimation and classification based on sensor data) -Sensors in Industrial Practice