Protective effect of optimal vegetable intake on blood pressure levels in children

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Public Health Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.035

Fenglin Xu , Sipei Xu , Ping Qu , Haiying Zhong , Lanlin Chen , Xizhou An , Jingyu Chen , Xiaohua Liang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

Studies about the relationship between vegetable intake and blood pressure (BP) in children were relatively scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of vegetable consumption on children's BP and to find an appropriate vegetable consumption amount.

Study design

Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study.

Methods

The study included 10,391 children aged 6–12 years from a cohort established in 2014, with a mean age of 9.24(7.76,10.83) years, of which 1863 children (in grades 1 to 2 at baseline) followed up in 2019. A multiple linear and logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between vegetable intake and BP levels or elevated BP in children, as well as performed in subgroups.

Results

The samples was categorized into three groups(Q₁-Q₃) according to the amount of vegetable intake per unit body weight (Kg), with vegetable intake of <3.85, 3.85–7.80, ≥7.80 g/d × kg respectively. Vegetable intake in Q₃ group showed a relatively lower systolic BP(SBP), diastolic BP(DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP). By linear regression analysis, vegetable intake was negatively associated with SBP in children. And it is more obvious among males, children aged >9 years and those living in countryside. The logistic regression showed that the intake of vegetables may reduce a risk of elevated BP in children. Furthermore, a consumption of vegetable ≥7.80 g/d × kg had a significant protective effect on children's BP. The follow-up study results also showed that children with a consumption of vegetable ≥7.80 g/d × kg had the lowest SBP, compared to the highest blood pressure group (<3.85 g/d × kg) in 2019. Moreover, the recommended vegetable intake for children with normal weight is 100–250 g/d, while those who are overweight and obese are recommended to consume >250 g/d of vegetables.

Conclusion

Vegetable intake may protect BP levels in children, and vegetable intake in the range of ≥7.80 g/d × kg was a recommended dosage for children's BP protection.

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最佳蔬菜摄入量对儿童血压水平的保护作用

目的关于儿童蔬菜摄入量与血压关系的研究相对较少。本研究旨在探讨蔬菜摄取量对儿童血压的影响，并寻找适宜的蔬菜摄取量。研究设计横断面和纵向研究。方法该研究纳入了2014年建立的10,391名6-12岁儿童，平均年龄为9.24（7.76,10.83）岁，其中1863名儿童（基线时为1至2年级）于2019年随访。采用多元线性和logistic回归模型分析蔬菜摄入量与儿童血压水平或血压升高之间的关系，并进行亚组分析。结果按单位体重蔬菜摄取量（Kg）分为3组（q1 ~ q3），蔬菜摄取量分别为3.85、3.85 ~ 7.80、≥7.80 g/d × Kg。蔬菜摄入Q3组收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）相对较低。通过线性回归分析，蔬菜摄入量与儿童收缩压呈负相关。在男性、9岁儿童和农村儿童中更为明显。logistic回归分析表明，蔬菜的摄入可以降低儿童血压升高的风险。此外，蔬菜摄入量≥7.80 g/d × kg对儿童血压有显著的保护作用。随访结果还显示，与2019年血压最高组（3.85 g/d × kg）相比，蔬菜摄入量≥7.80 g/d × kg的儿童收缩压最低。此外，体重正常的儿童推荐蔬菜摄入量为100-250 g/d，而超重和肥胖的儿童推荐蔬菜摄入量为250 g/d。结论蔬菜摄取量对儿童血压有保护作用，建议摄取量≥7.80 g/d × kg为儿童血压保护的推荐剂量。

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来源期刊

Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

280

审稿时长

37 days

期刊介绍： Public Health is an international, multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal. It publishes original papers, reviews and short reports on all aspects of the science, philosophy, and practice of public health.