Giant second harmonic generation in two-dimensional tellurene with synthesis and thickness engineering

IF 11.9 1区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Applied physics reviews Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1063/5.0218276

Boqing Liu, Kun Liang, Qingyi Zhou, Ahmed Raza Khan, Zhuoyuan Lu, Tanju Yildirim, Xueqian Sun, Sharidya Rahman, Yun Liu, Zongfu Yu, Yuerui Lu

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Abstract

Second harmonic generation (SHG) is a prominent branch of non-linear optics (NLO) heavily reliant on conventional bulk NLO crystals. However, the difficulty in downsizing these crystals imposes technical limitations on the future of miniaturized NLO devices. Tellurene emerges as a promising candidate to overcome these restrictions, excelling in electrical applications and believed to possess a giant second-order optical susceptibility comparable to conventional NLO crystals. In this study, a face-to-face substrate configuration is employed for the synthesis of ultrathin tellurene via PVD. Our findings reveal that tellurene's SHG performance surpasses that of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides by two orders of magnitude, with maximum efficiency when the flake thickness is between 16 and 20 nm under various wavelengths. High sensitivity to thickness variation encourages post-growth thinning through hydrogen plasma etching, enabling precise engineering of the flake thickness for optimal SHG. This establishes a foundation for controlled tellurene thickness, further broadening its potential in diverse applications.

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二维碲中巨次谐波的产生及其合成与厚度工程

二次谐波产生（SHG）是非线性光学（NLO）的一个重要分支，严重依赖于传统的块状NLO晶体。然而，缩小这些晶体尺寸的困难给小型化NLO器件的未来施加了技术限制。碲成为克服这些限制的有希望的候选者，在电气应用方面表现出色，并且被认为具有与传统NLO晶体相当的巨大二阶光学敏感性。在本研究中，采用面对面的衬底结构，通过PVD合成超薄碲。研究结果表明，碲的SHG性能比单层过渡金属二硫化物高出两个数量级，在不同波长下，当薄片厚度在16 ~ 20 nm之间时效率最高。对厚度变化的高灵敏度鼓励通过氢等离子体蚀刻后生长变薄，从而实现最佳SHG的薄片厚度的精确工程。这为控制碲的厚度奠定了基础，进一步扩大了碲在各种应用中的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied physics reviews PHYSICS, APPLIED-

CiteScore

22.50

自引率

2.00%

发文量

113

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Applied Physics Reviews (APR) is a journal featuring articles on critical topics in experimental or theoretical research in applied physics and applications of physics to other scientific and engineering branches. The publication includes two main types of articles: Original Research: These articles report on high-quality, novel research studies that are of significant interest to the applied physics community. Reviews: Review articles in APR can either be authoritative and comprehensive assessments of established areas of applied physics or short, timely reviews of recent advances in established fields or emerging areas of applied physics.