Determinants of Access to the Pentavalent 3 Vaccine Among Children Aged 0-23 months in Cameroon Based on the Demographic and Health Survey 2018.

IF 1.7 Q2 PEDIATRICS
Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics Pub Date : 2025-02-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.2147/PHMT.S497787
Augustin Murhabazi Bashombwa, Ketina Hirma Tchio-Nighie, Aude Nanfak, Collins Buh Nkum, Willy Armand Nguemnang Nguemnang, Rosine Fri Kami, Etienne Guenou, Jerome Ateudjieu
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Abstract

Purpose: Vaccination is one of the most effective and efficient health interventions for reducing morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Understanding the determinants of access to vaccines can help improve immunization coverage and control vaccine-preventable diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the contribution of certain determinants to access to pentavalent 3 in children aged 0-23 months in Cameroon via demographic and health survey data.

Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional nested case‒control study in which children aged 0-23 months were selected via cluster random sampling in households in the 10 regions of Cameroon. Secondary data from the Demographic and Health Survey, which was conducted in Cameroon from 2017-2018, were used. Univariate and multivariate logistic models were used to analyze the determinants of access to the pentavalent 3 vaccine.

Results: The vaccination coverage of the pentavalent 3 vaccine (P3V) among children aged 0-23 months was 69.5%. The access to the P3V with Christian religion, compared with non-Christian experienced 63% of P3V (adjusted Odds ratio (AOR)=1.63, 95% CI, [1.22-2.17], p=0.001). Compared with those living in other regions in Cameron, those living in the northern regions of Cameroon were observed 37% less likely to have access to P3V (AOR=AOR=0.63, 95% CI, [0.44-0.87], p=0.006), while mother's marital status (married) compared with unmarried mothers were 37% more likely to experience access to P3V (AOR=1.37, 95% CI, [1.04-1.81], p=0.024). Relative to subjects with less education, those with at least secondary or higher education were 92% more likely to have access to P3V, (AOR=1.92, 95% CI [1.47-2.51], p<0.001), while those with cell phone experienced 44% increased access to P3V, (AOR=1.44, 95% CI, [1.17-1.78], p=0.001).

Conclusion: Access to the pentavalent 3 vaccine in Cameroon does not meet national targets and is affected by various socio-demographic factors, including region of residence, religion, educational attainment, maternal marital status, and cell phone ownership.

基于2018年人口与健康调查的喀麦隆0-23个月儿童获得五价3疫苗的决定因素
目的:疫苗接种是降低传染病发病率和死亡率的最有效和最高效的卫生干预措施之一,特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲。了解获得疫苗的决定因素有助于提高免疫覆盖率和控制疫苗可预防的疾病。本研究的目的是通过人口和健康调查数据,探讨喀麦隆0-23个月儿童获得五价3的某些决定因素的作用。材料和方法:这是一项横断面嵌套病例对照研究,通过整群随机抽样在喀麦隆10个地区的家庭中选择0-23个月的儿童。本文使用了2017-2018年在喀麦隆进行的人口与健康调查的二手数据。采用单变量和多变量logistic模型分析了获得五价3型疫苗的决定因素。结果:0 ~ 23月龄儿童五价三疫苗(P3V)接种率为69.5%。与非基督徒相比,有基督教信仰的人获得P3V的几率为63%(调整后优势比(AOR)=1.63, 95% CI, [1.22-2.17], p=0.001)。与生活在卡梅伦其他地区的人相比,生活在喀麦隆北部地区的人获得P3V的可能性低37% (AOR=AOR=0.63, 95% CI, [0.44-0.87], p=0.006),而母亲的婚姻状况(已婚)与未婚母亲相比,获得P3V的可能性高37% (AOR=1.37, 95% CI, [1.04-1.81], p=0.024)。与受教育程度较低的受试者相比,至少受过中等或高等教育的受试者获得P3V的可能性高出92% (AOR=1.92, 95% CI[1.47-2.51])。结论:喀麦隆获得五价3型疫苗未达到国家目标,并受到各种社会人口因素的影响,包括居住地区、宗教、受教育程度、孕产妇婚姻状况和手机拥有情况。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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