[Exanthematic drug eruption].

Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany) Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1007/s00292-025-01418-w

Mirjana Ziemer, Elisabeth Livingstone

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Abstract

Background: Besides reactions of the IgE-mediated immediate type, medicamentous therapies can cause a variety of different mucocutaneous adverse events. Exanthematous manifestations require a fast and certain diagnosis due to their extent, sometimes rapid progression, and mucous membrane or organ involvement.

Objectives: The spectrum of non-IgE-mediated exanthematic drug reactions is covered.

Material and methods: The most relevant reactions are portrayed clinically and histopathologically.

Results: Displayed are classical maculo-papular drug eruption, lichenoid drug reaction, acute generalized exanthematic pustulosis (AGEP), severe potentially life-threatening drug reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) as well as generalized bullous fixed drug eruption (GBFDE), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and some others.

Conclusions: Cutaneous drug-related side effects cover a broad spectrum. Important for the correct treatment is a reliable diagnosis. In the case of severe, life-threatening drug reactions, however, permanent discontinuation of the drug is essential.

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[外显药物喷发]。

背景：除了ige介导的直接型反应外，药物治疗可引起各种不同的皮肤粘膜不良事件。由于其范围广，有时进展迅速，且累及粘膜或器官，故需要快速而明确的诊断。目的：涵盖非ige介导的药检反应谱。材料和方法：最相关的反应是临床和组织病理学描述。结果：典型的黄斑丘疹性药疹、地衣样药物反应、急性全身性药疹性脓疱病（AGEP）、严重的危及生命的药物反应如Stevens-Johnson综合征（SJS）、中毒性表皮坏死松解（TEN）以及全身性大泡性固定药疹（GBFDE）、嗜酸性粒细胞增多和全身症状的药物反应（DRESS）等。结论：皮肤药物相关副作用的范围很广。可靠的诊断对正确的治疗很重要。然而，在严重的危及生命的药物反应的情况下，永久停药是必不可少的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany)

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