Prevalence of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome in Korea: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2021.

IF 2.2 4区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Epidemiology and Health Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI:10.4178/epih.e2025005
Sung-Bin Hong, Ji-Eun Kim, Seung Seok Han, Joseph J Shearer, Jungnam Joo, Ji-Yeob Choi, Véronique L Roger
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: The American Heart Association (AHA) recently defined cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome to better characterize the associations among cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic diseases. Although about 9 in 10 United States adults have at least 1 risk factor for CKM syndrome, its prevalence in other populations is less understood. To fill this gap, we examined the prevalence of CKM syndrome in Korea and its association with demographic and socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: Using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2021, we calculated the prevalence of CKM syndrome across the following stages: stage 0 (no risk factors), stage 1 (excess or dysfunctional adiposity), stage 2 (other metabolic risk factors or chronic kidney disease), and stages 3-4 (subclinical/clinical cardiovascular diseases) among adults aged ≥20 years. Weighted analyses were used to estimate prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each CKM syndrome stage, stratified by age, gender, and SES factors.

Results: Among 54,994 Korean adults, the prevalence of CKM syndrome was as follows: stage 0 (25.2%; 95% CI, 24.7 to 25.8), stage 1 (19.3%; 95% CI, 18.9 to 19.7), stage 2 (51.6%; 95% CI, 51.1 to 52.2), and stages 3-4 (3.9%; 95% CI, 3.7 to 4.0). The prevalence of stages 2 and 3-4 was higher in men than in women. In addition, stages 3-4 were more prevalent among rural residents and those with lower education or income.

Conclusions: About 3 out of 4 Koreans are at risk for CKM syndrome. These findings highlight that CKM syndrome is a global health problem and that interventions are urgently needed to prevent further progression.

韩国心血管-肾-代谢综合征患病率:韩国国家健康与营养调查2011-2021
目的:美国心脏协会(AHA)最近定义了心血管-肾脏-代谢(CKM)综合征,以更好地表征心血管、肾脏和代谢疾病之间的关联。虽然10个美国成年人中有9个至少有1个CKM综合征的危险因素,但其在其他人群中的流行情况尚不清楚。为了填补这一空白,我们研究了韩国CKM综合征的患病率及其与人口和社会经济地位(SES)的关系。方法:使用2011年至2021年韩国国家健康与营养调查的数据,我们计算了年龄≥20岁的成年人中CKM综合征在以下阶段的患病率:0期(无危险因素)、1期(过度或功能失调肥胖)、2期(其他代谢危险因素或慢性肾脏疾病)和3-4期(亚临床/临床心血管疾病)。加权分析用于估计每个CKM综合征阶段的患病率和95%置信区间(ci),并按年龄、性别和社会经济地位因素分层。结果:在54,994名韩国成年人中,CKM综合征的患病率如下:0期(25.2%);95% CI, 24.7%-25.8%),第一阶段(19.3%;95% CI, 18.9%-19.7%),二期(51.6%;95% CI, 51.1%-52.2%), 3-4期(3.9%;95% ci, 3.7%-4.0%)。2期和3-4期的患病率男性高于女性。此外,3-4阶段在农村居民和受教育程度较低或收入较低的人群中更为普遍。结论:大约3 / 4的韩国人有CKM综合征的风险。这些发现强调CKM综合征是一个全球性的健康问题,迫切需要干预措施来防止进一步发展。
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来源期刊
Epidemiology and Health
Epidemiology and Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
2.60%
发文量
106
审稿时长
4 weeks
期刊介绍: Epidemiology and Health (epiH) is an electronic journal publishing papers in all areas of epidemiology and public health. It is indexed on PubMed Central and the scope is wide-ranging: including descriptive, analytical and molecular epidemiology; primary preventive measures; screening approaches and secondary prevention; clinical epidemiology; and all aspects of communicable and non-communicable diseases prevention. The epiH publishes original research, and also welcomes review articles and meta-analyses, cohort profiles and data profiles, epidemic and case investigations, descriptions and applications of new methods, and discussions of research theory or public health policy. We give special consideration to papers from developing countries.
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