Classification and predictive leaching risk assessment of construction and demolition waste using multivariate statistical and machine learning analyses

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI:10.1016/j.wasman.2025.02.033

Andrea Bisciotti , Valentina Brombin , Yu Song , Gianluca Bianchini , Giuseppe Cruciani

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Abstract

Managing construction and demolition waste (CDW) poses serious concerns regarding landfilling and recycling because of the potential release of hazardous elements after leaching. Ceramic materials such as bricks, tiles, and porcelain account for more than 70% of CDW. Fourteen samples of different CDW products from Ferrara (Northeast Italy) were subjected to geochemical analyses, including leaching tests, in accordance with UNI EN 12457–2. The interaction between ceramics and concrete was examined, highlighting the influence of mixed environments on the leaching behavior. Results were compared with an extensive database of more than 150 samples collected from the literature on different CDW types worldwide. Multivariate statistical analysis and machine learning were used to classify the CDW compositions based on the bulk chemical data. Various metrics—contaminant factors (C_f and C_d) and hazardous quotients (HQ and HQ_m)—were introduced to quantify the key environmental hazards of leachates. The results of this study underscore the potential of the proposed approaches in automating CDW classification and predicting C_f and HQ using only the starting bulk chemical composition. The findings enhance CDW management practices and support sustainability efforts in the construction industry.

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来源期刊

Waste management 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

15.60

自引率

6.20%

发文量

492

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： Waste Management is devoted to the presentation and discussion of information on solid wastes,it covers the entire lifecycle of solid. wastes. Scope: Addresses solid wastes in both industrialized and economically developing countries Covers various types of solid wastes, including: Municipal (e.g., residential, institutional, commercial, light industrial) Agricultural Special (e.g., C and D, healthcare, household hazardous wastes, sewage sludge)