Efficacy and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of obstructive sleep apnea in individuals without diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials

IF 3.8 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Sleep medicine Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.sleep.2025.02.010

Chia Siang Kow , Dinesh Sangarran Ramachandram , Syed Shahzad Hasan , Kaeshaelya Thiruchelvam

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that disrupts breathing during sleep. While continuous positive airway pressure therapy is the standard treatment, poor adherence has led to exploration of alternative treatments. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been shown to reduce body weight and may help manage OSA. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of GLP-1 RAs in individuals with OSA and elevated body weight who are without diabetes.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in September 2024 across multiple databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating GLP-1 RAs for OSA in adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² were included. The primary outcomes were changes in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and overall adverse events. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model.

Results

Three RCTs were included in the analysis. Pooled results showed that GLP-1 RA treatment significantly reduced AHI compared to placebo, with a weighted mean difference (WMD) of −16.6 events per hour (95 % confidence interval [CI]: −27.9 to −5.3). However, GLP-1 RAs were associated with a higher frequency of adverse events, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.62 (95 % CI: 1.16 to 2.24) compared to placebo.

Conclusion

GLP-1 RAs effectively reduce OSA severity, offering a promising alternative for individuals with OSA and elevated body weight. However, the increased risk of side effects must be considered. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm the sustained benefits and safety of GLP-1 RAs in OSA management.

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来源期刊

Sleep medicine 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1060

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sleep Medicine aims to be a journal no one involved in clinical sleep medicine can do without. A journal primarily focussing on the human aspects of sleep, integrating the various disciplines that are involved in sleep medicine: neurology, clinical neurophysiology, internal medicine (particularly pulmonology and cardiology), psychology, psychiatry, sleep technology, pediatrics, neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, and dentistry. The journal publishes the following types of articles: Reviews (also intended as a way to bridge the gap between basic sleep research and clinical relevance); Original Research Articles; Full-length articles; Brief communications; Controversies; Case reports; Letters to the Editor; Journal search and commentaries; Book reviews; Meeting announcements; Listing of relevant organisations plus web sites.