A nonlinear state-space model and control algorithm for a dynamic wireless power transfer system electric vehicle charger application

Abstract

This paper introduces a nonlinear state-space model for a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer System (DWPT). DWPT enables the continuous delivery of power to an electric vehicle while it moves along the road, allowing long-haul vehicles to operate with a relatively small battery. The system comprises primary side coils, which are supplied by DC/AC converters. These coils transmit power through induction to an electric vehicle. Within the vehicle (secondary side), a power receiver coil is connected to a full bridge diode rectifier, followed by the standard electric vehicle system. In the second step, the paper presents the design of a control system that ensures the seamless transfer of power to the vehicle as it moves along the road. The chosen controller is an Extremum Seeking algorithm, capable of implementation in high-speed systems compatible with real-time control for fast-moving vehicles. The following step involves conducting test-bed experiments using the designed controller to verify the alignment of the proposed mathematical model with the real system. Furthermore, the controller achieves maximum power transfer and maintains power and voltage across the load during transient states. The proposed model effectively captures the relevant dynamics and is well-suited for control design. Additionally, it offers faster simulation times compared to the full electrical model. Due to its good fit with experimental results, the model can be utilized for sizing, design, and tuning of both the system and control algorithms. This is especially valuable before conducting more detailed simulations on the electrical model and, eventually, test-bed experiments and real-life deployment.