Heat transfer and thermal radiation analysis on unsteady nonlinear curved stretching sheet with convective heat exchange and slip velocity dynamics

Abstract

The flow of nanofluid over a curved stretching surface has significant practical implications in several advanced engineering applications such as cooling of electronics and power devices, heat exchanger designs (like in helical coils or curved channels), polymer manufacturing, metal and textile, metal forming, in turbines and compressors, and many more. By using nanofluids, cooling or lubrication during these processes can be enhanced. Keeping this in mind, the present study deals with propylene glycol-based nanofluid's transport and thermal mechanism over an unsteady, nonlinear curved stretching sheet. Nanometer-sized particles of gold and silver are infused in the propylene glycol to constitute a working nanofluid. The prevailing governing problem is modeled using a curvilinear coordinate system, keeping in view the geometrical configuration of the problem at hand. Problem is simplified using boundary layer approach and partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations and dimentionless parameters. Numerical solutions are evaluated for velocity, temperature, skinfriction and Nusselt number. Significant physical profiles such as velocity, temperature, Skin friction, Nusselt number, and streamline patterns are explored against various sundry parameters. Higher skin friction is noticed in the case of Silver-Propylene Glycol based nanofluid compared to Gold-Propylene nanofluid, while the opposite behavior is witnessed for the case of Nusset number where gold nanoparticles depicted promising results in better heat transfer rates. Magnetic field parameter has a substantial impact on streamlining patterns by suppressing turbulence and improving overall flow stability.It is seen that nanoparticles bring 1 % rise in skin friction, slip parameter influence on skin friction is 20 %, streaching parameter m and Hartman number M rise skin friction 1 % and 3 % respectively.It is also analyzed that Biot number highly influence the Nusselt number 55 % as compared to the other parameters.