Wildfire risk in Alaska: Spatial association between social vulnerability, wildfire hazard, and wildfire mitigation programs

IF 7.9 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Xiaoyu Liang , Desheng Liu
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Abstract

High-latitude regions are experiencing larger, longer, and more severe wildfires, leading to significant impacts on ecosystems and human societies. However, quantitative assessments of wildfire risk that consider both social and ecological characteristics are still lacking in these remote regions. Using Alaska as a case study, we quantified and mapped the association between social vulnerability, wildfire hazard potential, and selected wildfire mitigation activities (federal and state fuel treatment projects and Community Wildfire Protection Plans) to address this gap. We observed great variation in the associations. Remote regions in southcentral and interior Alaska displayed moderate-to-high social vulnerability and wildfire hazard potential, while urban areas exhibited lower social vulnerability regardless of wildfire hazard potential. Notably, state fuel treatments and CWPPs, which are concentrated near urban areas, generally showed a negative association with social vulnerability, though the CWPP–vulnerability association turned positive under high wildfire hazard in urban regions. In contrast, federal fuel treatment projects, which were widespread across the landscape, showed a consistent positive association with social vulnerability regardless of wildfire hazard potential and urban/rural divisions. Our results provide critical context for the policy challenges posed by escalating wildfire risk and inform the environmental justice implications of wildfire mitigation activities. This study contributes to larger-scale, global wildfire management assessments, offering guidance for equitable, context-specific wildfire management strategies in other regions facing increasing wildfire risks.
阿拉斯加的野火风险:社会脆弱性、野火危害和野火缓解计划之间的空间联系
高纬度地区正在经历更大、更长时间和更严重的野火,对生态系统和人类社会产生重大影响。然而,考虑到社会和生态特征的野火风险定量评估在这些偏远地区仍然缺乏。以阿拉斯加为例,我们量化并绘制了社会脆弱性、野火危害潜力和选定的野火缓解活动(联邦和州燃料处理项目和社区野火保护计划)之间的关系,以解决这一差距。我们观察到这些关联有很大的差异。阿拉斯加中南部和内陆偏远地区的社会脆弱性和野火灾害潜力均为中高,而无论野火灾害潜力如何,城市地区的社会脆弱性都较低。值得注意的是,集中在城市附近的国家燃料处理和cwpp总体上与社会脆弱性呈负相关,尽管在城市地区野火风险高的情况下,cwpp与脆弱性呈正相关。相比之下,在整个景观中广泛存在的联邦燃料处理项目显示出与社会脆弱性一致的正相关,无论野火危害潜力和城乡划分如何。我们的研究结果为不断升级的野火风险带来的政策挑战提供了关键背景,并为野火减灾活动的环境正义影响提供了信息。这项研究有助于进行更大规模的全球野火管理评估,为面临野火风险增加的其他地区制定公平、具体的野火管理战略提供指导。
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来源期刊
Landscape and Urban Planning
Landscape and Urban Planning 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
15.20
自引率
6.60%
发文量
232
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: Landscape and Urban Planning is an international journal that aims to enhance our understanding of landscapes and promote sustainable solutions for landscape change. The journal focuses on landscapes as complex social-ecological systems that encompass various spatial and temporal dimensions. These landscapes possess aesthetic, natural, and cultural qualities that are valued by individuals in different ways, leading to actions that alter the landscape. With increasing urbanization and the need for ecological and cultural sensitivity at various scales, a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to comprehend and align social and ecological values for landscape sustainability. The journal believes that combining landscape science with planning and design can yield positive outcomes for both people and nature.
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