Impact of a Hearing Intervention on the Levels of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and T.V. Viewing in Older Adults: Results from a Secondary Analysis of the ACHIEVE Study.
Pablo Martinez-Amezcua, Wuyang Zhang, Sahar Assi, Heramb Gupta, Erica Twardzik, Alison R Huang, Nicholas S Reed, Jennifer A Deal, Michelle L Arnold, Sheila Burgard, Theresa Chisolm, David Couper, Nancy W Glynn, Theresa Gmelin, Adele M Goman, Lisa Gravens-Mueller, Kathleen M Hayden, Christine M Mitchell, James S Pankow, James Russell Pike, Jennifer A Schrack, Victoria A Sanchez, Kevin J Sullivan, Frank R Lin, Josef Coresh
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Abstract
Background: Age-related hearing loss is common among older adults and may influence physical activity and sedentary behaviors, such as TV viewing. This study examined whether a hearing intervention could affect these behaviors over 3 years.
Methods: A total of 977 participants (mean age of 76.8, 53.5% female, 11.5% Black), recruited from the ARIC study (n = 238) and de novo (n = 739) with hearing loss (pure-tone average = 39.4 dB), were randomized to a hearing intervention or a health education control group. Physical activity, leisurely walking, and TV viewing were interrogated at baseline and 3-year follow-up. We used regression models adjusted for demographic and hearing loss severity to examine the impact of the intervention on the change in the frequency of engaging in these activities.
Results: At baseline, 57.6% of participants engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), 29.1% in high-frequency leisurely walking, and 46.8% in high-frequency TV viewing. Over 3 years, MVPA decreased to 48.8%, whereas leisurely walking and TV viewing increased. After 3 years, the hearing intervention group had similar odds of engaging in MVPA (ratio of odds ratios [ROR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.14), leisurely walking (ROR = 1.04, 95% CI, 0.93-1.17), and TV viewing (ROR = 0.95, 95% CI, 0.87-1.02) compared with the control group. Results were consistent across recruitment sources (ARIC and de novo).
Conclusion: A hearing intervention did not significantly influence physical activity, walking, or TV viewing behaviors in older adults over 3 years. Additional strategies may be needed to change physical and sedentary behaviors in this population.
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