Gelatin-Chitosan Based Composite Films Enriched with Satureja kermanshahensis Jamzad Essential Oil Nanoemulsion and Carbon Dots: Characterization and Functional Properties

IF 4.7 3区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Hossein Hashemi, Behzad Ebrahimi, Farhang Hameed Awlqadr, Narges Sarraf Ov, Hadiseh Ebdali, Zahra Sarlak, Leila Bahrami, Reza Mohammadi
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Abstract

Gelatin-chitosan-based (GL-CS) functional films were synthesized by incorporating a nanoemulsion (NE) containing the essential oil (EO) of Satureja kermanshahensis Jamzad, commonly referred to as “Marzeh Kermanshahi” (MK) in Persian. These films also incorporated different concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3%) of carbon dots (CDs) derived from citric acid and urea. The physical, mechanical, optical, structural, and barrier characteristics, alongside the assessment of antioxidant and antibacterial efficacy of the resultant films, were thoroughly characterized and examined. The sizes of MK-EONE and CDs, as measured by a Zetasizer, were determined to be 118 nm and 1.2 nm, respectively. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the films indicated favorable compatibility between both polymers, MK-EONE, and 1% CD, with uniform dispersion within the polymer matrix. The composite film containing MK-EONE and 1% CD exhibited enhanced UV protection, mechanical properties, and glass transition temperature (Tg). However, certain characteristics, such as water solubility, water vapor permeability (WVP), hydrophobicity, and transparency, demonstrated a decrease. Furthermore, the films incorporating MK-EONE and CDs demonstrated strong antioxidant activity, assessed through the DPPH method, and potent antimicrobial effectiveness against foodborne pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli. Consequently, the GL-CS-MK-EONE-CDs film, characterized by its superior functional attributes, shows promise for applications in food packaging.

Abstract Image

富含 Satureja kermanshahensis Jamzad 精油纳米乳液和碳点的明胶-壳聚糖基复合薄膜:表征和功能特性
摘要采用含有萨图里亚kermanshahensis Jamzad精油(EO)的纳米乳液(NE)合成了明胶-壳聚糖基(GL-CS)功能薄膜,该植物在波斯语中通常被称为“Marzeh Kermanshahi”(MK)。这些薄膜还含有不同浓度(1%、2%和3%)的碳点(CDs),这些碳点来自柠檬酸和尿素。对所得薄膜的物理、机械、光学、结构和屏障特性以及抗氧化和抗菌功效进行了全面的表征和检查。用Zetasizer测定MK-EONE和CDs的尺寸分别为118 nm和1.2 nm。傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)表明,聚合物MK-EONE和1% CD之间具有良好的相容性,在聚合物基体内分散均匀。含有MK-EONE和1% CD的复合膜具有增强的紫外线防护、机械性能和玻璃化转变温度(Tg)。然而,某些特性,如水溶性、水蒸气渗透性(WVP)、疏水性和透明度则有所下降。此外,通过DPPH方法评估,含有MK-EONE和CDs的薄膜显示出很强的抗氧化活性,并对金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌等食源性病原体具有有效的抗菌效果。因此,gl - cs - mk - eone - cd薄膜以其优越的功能属性为特征,在食品包装中应用前景广阔。
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来源期刊
Journal of Polymers and the Environment
Journal of Polymers and the Environment 工程技术-高分子科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
7.50%
发文量
297
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.
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