Aromatic carotenoids and their aryl isoprenoid derivatives in the early Paleozoic rocks and crude oils of the Tarim Basin, China

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Organic Geochemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2025.104950

Huiyuan Yang , Jiaquan Zhou , Jian Ma , Xingqian Cui

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Abstract

Emerging viewpoints suggest dynamic oceanic redox states and notable biotic turnovers in the early Paleozoic, but these aspects remain controversial and require further investigation. The Tarim Basin, which harbors significant marine hydrocarbon source rocks, records a typical phase of marine deposition of the early Paleozoic. In this study, we investigated biomarker compositions and patterns of selected rocks and crude oils of Early Cambrian to Late Ordovician ages from the Tarim Basin, China. Of particular importance are fossilized C₄₀ aromatic carotenoids and their biogenic aryl isoprenoid derivatives, which originate specifically from phototrophic sulfur bacteria inhabiting the euxinic photic zone and are indicative of redox conditions of ancient oceans. The prevalence of 2,3,6-aryl isoprenoids and isorenieratane indicates a biological origin of green sulfur bacteria, implying that the Tarim Basin witnessed euxinia in the subsurface photic zone during a certain period of the early Paleozoic. Along with other biomarker-based proxies, especially steroids and hopanoids, our results from the Tarim Basin suggest the dominance of reducing oceanic water column in the early Cambrian and the late evolution of partially oxygenated water column.

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塔里木盆地早古生代岩石和原油中芳香族类胡萝卜素及其芳基类异戊二烯衍生物

新出现的观点认为，早古生代的海洋氧化还原状态和显著的生物更替，但这些方面仍然存在争议，需要进一步研究。塔里木盆地为典型的早古生代海相沉积期，具有重要的海相烃源岩。本文对塔里木盆地早寒武世至晚奥陶世的岩石和原油进行了生物标志物组成和模式研究。特别重要的是C40芳香类胡萝卜素化石及其生物源芳基类异戊二烯衍生物，它们特别起源于居住在缺氧光带的光养硫细菌，表明古代海洋的氧化还原条件。2,3,6-芳基类异戊二烯和异戊二烷的普遍存在表明了绿硫细菌的生物起源，暗示塔里木盆地早古生代的某一时期曾在地下光带出现过绿硫菌。结合其他生物标志物，特别是甾体和藿烷类，塔里木盆地早寒武世以还原性海洋水柱为主，部分氧合水柱演化较晚。

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来源期刊

Organic Geochemistry 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

6.70%

发文量

100

审稿时长

61 days

期刊介绍： Organic Geochemistry serves as the only dedicated medium for the publication of peer-reviewed research on all phases of geochemistry in which organic compounds play a major role. The Editors welcome contributions covering a wide spectrum of subjects in the geosciences broadly based on organic chemistry (including molecular and isotopic geochemistry), and involving geology, biogeochemistry, environmental geochemistry, chemical oceanography and hydrology. The scope of the journal includes research involving petroleum (including natural gas), coal, organic matter in the aqueous environment and recent sediments, organic-rich rocks and soils and the role of organics in the geochemical cycling of the elements. Sedimentological, paleontological and organic petrographic studies will also be considered for publication, provided that they are geochemically oriented. Papers cover the full range of research activities in organic geochemistry, and include comprehensive review articles, technical communications, discussion/reply correspondence and short technical notes. Peer-reviews organised through three Chief Editors and a staff of Associate Editors, are conducted by well known, respected scientists from academia, government and industry. The journal also publishes reviews of books, announcements of important conferences and meetings and other matters of direct interest to the organic geochemical community.