Seasonality of enteric viruses and correlation of hepatitis a virus in wastewater with clinical cases

IF 8 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178862

Charles Chettleburgh , Hanlan McDougall , Valeria Parreira , Lawrence Goodridge , Marc Habash

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Abstract

Human adenovirus F41 (HAdV-41), norovirus genogroup II (HNV-GII), rotavirus group A (RVA), and hepatitis A virus (HAV) are responsible for millions of illnesses every year in Canada. Wastewater-based epidemiology is one way to monitor the prevalence of these underreported (HAV) and non-reportable (HAdV-41, HNV-GII, RVA) food and waterborne enteric viruses. In this study, we monitored the presence of these four viruses in wastewater over 16 months from September 2022 until December 2023 using samples from two locations in southern Ontario. Viruses in 286 wastewater samples were concentrated using PEG precipitation and quantified using a multiplex RT-qPCR assay for HAdV-41, HNV-GII, and RVA, and a singleplex RT-qPCR assay for HAV. In agreement with historical clinical data, HNV-GII and RVA had seasonal peaks in wastewater in the winter (HNV-GII, up to 1.09 × 10³ gene copies (GC)/mL) and spring (RVA, up to 1.20 × 10² GC/mL). The concentration of HAdV-41 in wastewater had a significant seasonal peak in the fall of 2022 (up to 4.65 × 10⁴ GC/mL) that was not repeated in the fall of 2023. The detection of HAV in 24 of 127 samples was correlated with four clinical cases in one sewershed with a one-week wastewater lead time.

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肠道病毒的季节性及废水中甲型肝炎病毒与临床病例的相关性

人类腺病毒F41 （HAdV-41）、诺如病毒基因组II （HNV-GII）、轮状病毒A组（RVA）和甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）每年在加拿大导致数百万人患病。以废水为基础的流行病学是监测这些未报告的（HAV）和未报告的（HAV -41、HNV-GII、RVA）食物和水传播肠道病毒流行情况的一种方法。在这项研究中，从2022年9月到2023年12月，我们使用安大略省南部两个地点的样本，在16个月内监测了废水中这四种病毒的存在。采用聚乙二醇沉淀法浓缩286份废水样本中的病毒，并采用HAV -41、HNV-GII和RVA的多重RT-qPCR法和HAV的单一RT-qPCR法进行定量。与历史临床数据一致，废水中HNV-GII和RVA的季节性高峰在冬季（HNV-GII，高达1.09 × 103 GC/mL）和春季（RVA，高达1.20 × 102 GC/mL）。废水中HAdV-41浓度在2022年秋季出现了显著的季节性峰值（高达4.65 × 104 GC/mL），在2023年秋季没有重复。127份样本中有24份检出HAV，与1个下水道4例临床病例相关，废水提前期为1周。

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来源期刊

Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

17.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

8726

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.